Employee Performance Improvement Model Through Leadership and Intrinsic Motivation
Abstract
This study aims to describe and analyze the relationship between leadership, intrinsic motivation, and human resource performance (HR performance) at the Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office Type Madya Pabean Tanjung Emas Semarang. Specifically, the study examines the effect of leadership on employee performance, the effect of leadership on intrinsic motivation, and the effect of intrinsic motivation on employee performance. Respondents' perceptions were measured using a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. The research population consisted of all 203 employees, and the sampling method used was a census, meaning the number of samples was equal to the population. Data analysis was conducted using Partial Least Square (PLS). The findings indicate that leadership has a positive and significant effect on HR performance. This confirms that leadership quality—reflected in the ability to influence groups, effective behavior, strong communication skills, continuous self-development, as well as integrity and role modeling—contributes to improving various performance dimensions, including quality, quantity, timeliness, cost-effectiveness, independence, and work commitment. Furthermore, leadership was also found to have a positive and significant effect on employees' intrinsic motivation. This demonstrates that effective leadership fosters internal motivation among employees, reflected in their enthusiasm for achievement, willingness to take responsibility, and sincerity in carrying out tasks without relying solely on external rewards. Moreover, the study reveals that intrinsic motivation has a positive and significant effect on HR performance. Internal drives such as pride in achievement, appreciation of work results, sense of responsibility, and sincerity enhance overall work quality. Thus, this research provides empirical evidence that leadership and intrinsic motivation are crucial factors that synergistically contribute to improving employee performance.
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