Implementation of Maqashid Syariah Principles in Financial Performance Evaluation at Pku Muhammadiyah Temanggung Hospital

Abstract

Sharia Enterprise Theory, is a theory in accounting that explains an organization or entity by applying Islamic value standards. Some of these Islamic theories are, Maqasid Sharia Theory, which was developed by Imam Al-Ghazali and Imam Al-Syatibi, explaining that the purpose of sharia is to achieve goodness and balance in human life. The Triple Bottom Line (TBL) theory, developed by John Elkington, explains that an organization's financial performance should be assessed based on three dimensions: financial, social, and environmental. Stakeholder Theory, developed by Edward Freeman, explains that an organization's financial performance should be assessed based on the interests of all stakeholders. The theory of Islamic Corporate Social Responsibility (ICSR) explains that an organization's financial performance should be assessed based on its compliance with sharia principles and the interests of society. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative approach aims to explore the concept of evaluating the financial performance of Islamic hospitals based on the maqasid sharia principles. This research aims to generate concepts related to the development of a financial performance evaluation system for Islamic hospitals that adheres to the maqasid sharia principles. The data sources for this study use primary and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through Focus Group Discussion (FGD) activities to gather information regarding the evaluation of the financial performance of Islamic hospitals based on the principles of Islamic principles. Based on the results of research and analysis on the implementation of the Sharia Standards for Accounting and Financial Management (SSMAK) at PKU Muhammadiyah Temanggung Hospital, it can be concluded that the hospital has implemented all eight SSMAK standards very well, obtaining a total score of 215 out of 230 points or 93%. This indicates that the hospital's financial governance has fulfilled the principles of sharia compliance comprehensively. The implementation of each SSMAK standard is integrated with the values of maqāṣid al-syarī'ah, which include hifẓ ad-dīn (protecting religion), hifẓ al-nafs (protecting the soul), hifẓ al-'aql (protecting reason), hifẓ an-nasl (protecting descendants), and hifẓ al-māl (protecting wealth).