Title Page Improving Human Resource Performance Through Spiritual Leadership in the Context of Psychological Empowerment

Muhammad Riza Amirusy Syajak, Ibnu Khajar

Abstract


This study aims to describe and empirically analyze the effect of spiritual leadership on HR performance, as well as the moderating role of psychological empowerment in strengthening this relationship. This research uses an explanatory research approach to test hypotheses with the purpose of reinforcing theories that can serve as a foundation for leadership and HR management practices. The population of this study consisted of all HR staff at the Tanjung Emas Class II Customs and Excise Supervision and Service Office in Semarang, totaling 253 employees, with a sample of 160 respondents selected using non-probability sampling through convenience sampling. Data were collected using a questionnaire with a 1–5 Likert scale and analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Partial Least Squares (PLS) approach. The results indicate that spiritual leadership positively affects HR performance, meaning that the better employees perceive the implementation of spiritual leadership, the higher their HR performance. Furthermore, psychological empowerment is proven to moderate and strengthen the effect of spiritual leadership on HR performance. In other words, the impact of spiritual leadership on HR performance is greater when employees possess a high level of psychological empowerment. These findings highlight the importance of integrating spiritual leadership and psychological empowerment to enhance HR performance, providing both theoretical and practical foundations for leadership strategies in public organizations.


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