The Influence of E-Leadership on Virtual Team Performance with Work Environment as a Moderating Variable at PT Dua Bintang Muda Cemerlang

Abstract

This study aims to examine the influence of e-Leadership on virtual team performance, with the work environment acting as a moderating variable at PT Dua Bintang Muda Cemerlang. The research is motivated by the shift to remote and hybrid work systems that demand effective digital Leadership and a supportive work environment. A quantitative approach was employed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Partial Least Squares (PLS) method. Data were collected from 100 respondents, all of whom are members of virtual teams. The results indicate that e-Leadership has a positive and significant effect on virtual team performance. Additionally, the work environment also positively and significantly affects performance. More importantly, the work environment strengthens the relationship between e-Leadership and virtual team performance, confirming its role as a moderating variable. These findings align with e- Leadership and contingency Leadership theories, emphasizing that Leadership effectiveness depends on situational factors, including the work setting. This study implies that companies implementing virtual work should prioritize Leadership development and invest in creating conducive digital environments. Practical steps include training leaders in virtual communication, providing stable digital infrastructure, and encouraging collaborative virtual culture. The study contributes to understanding Leadership dynamics in remote work and supports the design of effective virtual team management strategies.