Legal Protection for Consumers in Transactions Through International E-Commerce Platforms Between Indonesia and China
Abstract
In addition to bringing advantages like easy access to foreign goods at competitive costs and altering global consumption patterns, the growth of cross-border e-commerce has also brought up complicated legal issues, especially with regard to consumer protection. In Indonesia, consumer protection regulations still focus more on domestic transactions, making them less effective for international transactions China, on the other hand, has a more comprehensive regulatory framework for controlling foreign e-commerce, however there are still issues with transparency and oversight in its execution. With a focus on popular platforms like Tokopedia, Bukalapak, AliExpress, and JD.com, this study contrasts the legislative frameworks for consumer protection in cross-border e-commerce transactions between Indonesia and China. The study's findings demonstrate that although Indonesia continues to struggle with interagency coordination and regulation execution, China leads the world in centralized oversight and consumer education programs. In order to establish a secure, equitable, and long-lasting e-commerce ecosystem, this study suggests that Indonesia take a more integrated strategy, bolster digital supervision, and enhance public education.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Journals:
ALAMSYAH, SAKTI, and FAUZIE YUSUF HASIBUAN. (2025). “LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CONSUMERS IN E-COMMERCE TRANSACTIONS IN INDONESIA: CONTRACT VALIDITY AND DISPUTE RESOLUTION EFFECTIVENESS”. PENA LAW: International Journal of Law 3 (1). https://doi.org/10.56107/penalaw.v3i1.220
Alicia Syahla Dewi Wibowo, Alya Najwa Zulfa, Raden Roro Kamilia Hana Putri, Sarah Agnesya Putri Siahaan, Syafira Ramadhanti, & Irwan Triadi. 2025. "CONSUMER PROTECTION IN CROSS-BORDER E-COMMERCE TRANSACTIONS: LEGAL CHALLENGES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL TRADE." Journal of Law and Citizenship Vol. 14 No. 7.
Ananda Fadil Rassya Saputra, Aqila Judya Shafwa, & Rohmatul Umam. June 2025. "ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONSUMER PROTECTION LAW (UUPK) IN E-COMMERCE TRANSACTIONS IN INDONESIA." Media Riset Bisnis Ekonomi Sains dan Terapan Vol.3, No.2.
Axel Imanuel Tania, Jennifer Almelia Lim, Suhan Chae, & Thalia Jamiana Kuang. 2024. "A Comparative Study of Consumer Protection Laws in Indonesia and China." Multidisciplinary Academic Journal Vol.1, No.6.
Caesaria, Dhini Rachmadhina. (2024). "Legal Challenges of Consumer Protection in Cross-Border E-Commerce: Towards Global Standardization." Journal of Ners Community Volume 15, Number 1.
Clara Sophia Naomi, Ira Aselina, Muhammad Isa Aljabar, & Roland Febriansah. 2024. "CONSUMER PROTECTION IN CROSS-BORDER E-COMMERCE TRANSACTIONS." Journal of Law and Citizenship Vol. 9 No. 7.
D.Cahyaningsih, Dona Budi Kharisma, and Goldwina Aphroditerri Agnjana. (2024). "Urgency of E-Commerce Act for Consumer Protection (Comparative Study in Indonesia, Singapore, and China)." Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum. https://doi.org/10.31941/pj.v23i2.4430
Devi Wulandari. (2025). "Legal Protection for Tokopedia Application Users against Consumer Personal Data Leaks." Journal of Public Policy Law Studies, vol.2, no.2.
Diana Tantri Cahyaningsih, Dona Budi Kharisma, and Goldwina Aphroditerri Agnjana. 2024. "Urgency of E-Commerce Act for Consumer Protection (Comparative Study in Indonesia, Singapore, and China)." PENA JUSTISIA: MEDIA KOMUNIKASI DAN KAJIAN HUKUM Vol. 23, No. 2.
Dikrurahman, Diky. 2025. "A Legal Review and Business Practices on Consumer Protection in E-Commerce Transactions in Indonesia." Innovation: Journal of Social Humanities and Education Volume 4 Number 2, p. 58-73.
Eli Simandalahi, Jos Siregar, Rahel Hutauruk, Riris Simatupang, & Martono Anggusti. 2025. "Comparison of Provisions Governing Cross-Border E-Commerce Between Indonesia and China." JALAKOTEK: Journal of Accounting Law Communication and Technology Vol. 2 No. 1.
Felex Jonathan, Shenti Agustini, & Lu Sudirman. 2025. "THE URGENCY OF LEGAL PROTECTION FOR CONSUMERS AGAINST LOSSES FROM IMPORTED PRODUCTS ON THE TAOBAO E-COMMERCE APPLICATION." Journal of Law to-ra: Law to Regulate and Protect Society Volume 11 Number 2.
Firmansyah Umar, Fenty U. Puluhulawa, & Fence M. Wantu. 2023. "RESOLUTION OF CONSUMER DISPUTES IN CROSS-BORDER E-COMMERCE TRANSACTIONS AS AN EFFORT TO PROVIDE LEGAL PROTECTION." Journal of Law "THE JURIS" Vol. VII, No. 2.
Florentya Syifa Hilwah Tamam, Triliunna Meiriska Sari Putria, & Rinandita Wikansari. 2024. "THE ROLE OF E-COMMERCE IN THE TRANSFORMATION OF EXPORTS AND IMPORTS IN THE DIGITAL AGE." Scientific Research Journal Volume 11, Number 12, 1332-1340.
Guan, Yue, and Dwi Febrianto. (2019). “A Comparison Between Chinese E-Commerce Laws and Indonesian Information and Electronic Transactions Laws Against Cross-Border Online Services.” International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research 8, no. 10.
Hao Peng and Mengyuan Xu. (2024). "A Study on the Enhancement of AliExpress’s Competitive Strength in the New Situation -Based on Porter’s Five Forces Model." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management. https://doi.org/10.54097/wnpkg245.
Hongbo Li, Zhenzhen Wang, Zhijie Yuan, and Xin Yan. (2023). "Multidimensional Evaluation of Consumers’ Shopping Risks under Live-Streaming Commerce." Sustainability. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151914060.
Imadatul Fitriani, Inayah Maulia, & Lucky Dafira Nugroho. 2025. "Legal Protection for Consumers in Cross-Border E-Commerce Transactions." Al-Zayn: Journal of Social Sciences & Law volume 3 Number 3.
Jinsheng (Jason) Zhu, Weidian Lan, & Xianchun Zhang. 2021. "Geographic Proximity, supply chain and organizational glocalized survival: China's e-commerce investments in Indonesia." PLoS ONE 16(9) e0256837. https://doi.org/10/1371/journal.pone.0256837.
K. Melati and S.P Nur Komala Dewi. (2020). "Integrated E-Commerce Ecosystem in China and Indonesia’s Giant Market." Proceedings of the 2nd International Media Conference 2019 (IMC 2019). https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200325.021
Mohammad Effan Djodie, Ningrum Natasya Sirait, & Dedi Harianto. 2025. "Comparison of Consumer Protection Supervision Laws in the E-Commerce Sector in the Digital Economy Era Between Indonesia and Australia." JIHHP: Journal of Law, Humanities and Politics Vol. 5 No. 6.
Mustafa Ayobali Raji, Hameedat Bukola Olodo, Timothy Tolulope Oke, Wilhelmina Afua Addy, Onyeka Chrisanctus Ofodile, and Adedoyin Tolulope Oyewola. 2024. "E-commerce and consumer behavior: A review of AI-powered personalization and market trends." GSC Advanced Research and Review 18(3), 066-077, https://doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2024.18.3.0090.
Prastyanti, Anita Firdausi & Rina Arum. 2025. "Legal Approaches to Cross-Border E-Commerce Consumer Protection in Indonesia, Singapore, and China." Sinergi International Journal of Law Volume 3 Number 3 page No. 194-206.
Prayuti, Yuyut. 2023. "Restrictions on Cross-Border Trade in E-commerce as a Form of Consumer Protection." JILPR Journal of Indonesian Law & Policy Review Vol. 5, no.1.
Risqi Fil’ilmi, Pio, and Daspar. 2025. “OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS IN ELECTRONIC PRODUCT TRADE (Case Study: Trade Between Indonesia and China).” Global Research and Innovation Journal 1 (2):654-58. https://journaledutech.com/index.php/great/article/view/203.
Safrina, Jasmine. 2022. "THE CONSUMER PROTECTION IN CROSS BORDER E-COMMERCE TRANSACTIONS." Scientific Journal of Civil Law Students Vol. 6 No. 3.
Setiadi., Muharam, H. (2024). Logistics Innovation in Developing Economies: Integrating Digital Solutions in E-commerce Supply Chains. Sinergi International Journal of Logistics, 2(4), 239-251.
Shailesh Kurzadkar, Sanket Bawangade, and Nishant Sathawane. (2024). "E-Commerce Platform of Online Shopping Consumers." International Journal of Advanced
Sofyan Mufti Prasetiyo, Rehan Gustiawan, Farhat, & Fabian Rizzel Albani. 2024. "Analysis of Internet User Growth in Indonesia." BIIKMA: Scientific Bulletin of Computer Science and Multimedia Volume 2, Number 1. Pages 65-71.
Supriyanto, S., Rahardjo, T. M. S., Sumiyati, S., Noerdjaja, H., Pambudi, G. E., & Prabowo, M. S. (2025). Consumer protection legal frameworks in Indonesia: The challenges of e-commerce and data privacy. Research Horizon, 5(2), 119–128.
Vina Angelia Maha, Stefan Derian Hartono, Greselva Gianina Prajitno, & Rina Hartanti. 2024. "LOCAL VS GLOBAL E-COMMERCE: ANALYSIS OF BUSINESS MODELS AND CONSUMER PREFERENCES." Journal of Digital Business and Creative Economy Vol. 1 No. 1.
Wang, Xi, and Chere’ Cato Yturralde. (2024). “Chinese Consumers’ Satisfaction With Online Shopping Platforms”. Asia Pacific Economic and Management Review 1 (6):8-20. https://doi.org/10.62177/apemr.v1i6.81.
Yulia Jayautri Moeslim, Maryono, & Sineerat Suasungnern. 2025. "Legal Protection of E-Commerce Consumers: A Review of Regulation and Implementation." Journal Evidence of Law Vol. 4 No. 1.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/akta.v13i2.53552
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Jurnal Akta has been indexed by:
Editorial Office: Jurnal Akta Room 2nd Floor Imam As Syafei Building Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Sultan Agung. Jln. Kaligawe KM. 4, Semarang City, Central Java, Indonesia.