Legal Protection for Consumers Against Food Products that are not Halal Certified Based on Law Number 33 of 2014

Ribut Widiono, M. Shidqon Prabowo, Bahrul Fawaid

Abstract


This study aims to analyze the legal protection provided to consumers against the circulation of food products that are not halal certified based on Law Number 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Assurance. The certification process involves three main institutions: the Halal Product Assurance Organizing Agency as the organizing authority, the Halal Inspection Institute as the inspection and testing institution, and the Indonesian Ulema Council as the institution that issues fatwas on halal product certification. Legal protection for Muslim consumers is reflected in the principles of protection, responsibility, and transparency of information, which are strengthened by reporting mechanisms and the imposition of sanctions on violating business actors. This study uses a normative juridical approach with descriptive analysis of legal norms to examine the provisions, enforcement mechanisms, and implications of the Halal Product Assurance Law for consumer protection. The results show that although the Halal Product Assurance Law provides a strong legal basis, its implementation is still hampered by weak supervision, lack of socialization, and limited coordination between institutions. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen Halal Product Assurance Organizing Agency, increase public awareness, and align halal policies with consumer protection regulations to ensure legal certainty and public trust.

Keywords


Consumer Protection; Law Enforcement; Halal Certification; Halal Product Guarantee; Supervision and Law Enforcement.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Amelia, E., Fatimah, C. E. A., & Amalia, E. (2025). Strengthening The Halal Industry in The Micro-Small Business Sector Through The Development of An Integrated Islamic Microfinance Institution Model. International Journal of Accounting and Economics Studies, 12(4), 627-636.

Arifin, R., Ar-raidah, S. F., & Yuniar, V. S. (2020). Halal product guarantee to the development of small and medium enterprises business in Indonesia. Jurnal Hukum Islam, 18(1), 121-136.

Assagaf, A. A., Sumardi, J., & Sitorus, W. (2022). The effect of cost determination in the provision of halal certificates on traded products in Makassar City. Khazanah Hukum, 4(3), 192-204.

Azizah, S. N. (2022). Protection of halal product guarantee for Muslim consumers in facing The ASEAN economic community (AEC). International Journal of Criminal Justice Sciences, 17(2), 153-166.

Azzahrani, R. F., & Wulansari, R. (2024). Protection of Muslim Consumers’ Right To Information on Imported Food Without Halal Labeling. Journal of Private and Commercial Law, 214-237.

Bariki, Y., & Ma’Rifah, A. N. (2024). Halal Symbols in Muslim Community Businesses. Dialogue and Universalism, 34(2), 265-277.

Djamali, R., Kindangen, P., Masinambow, V. A., Taroreh, R. N., Nurhayati, L., & Hermawan, T. (2025). Navigating Halal Tourism: Perceptions and Behaviors of Non-Muslims in the Muslim-Minority Context of Manado City. Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir'ah, 23(1), 97-101.

Effendi, B., Fikri, M. K., Adinugraha, H. H., & Furqon, A. (2024). Preparation For The Implementation of Mandatory Halal Regulations for Food and Beverage Products in Indonesia. Revista Jurídica (0103-3506), 80(3).

Effendi, D., Rosadi, A., Prasetyo, Y., Susilawati, C., & Athoillah, M. A. (2021). Preparing Halal tourism regulations in Indonesia. International Journal of Religious Tourism and Pilgrimage, 9(1), 6.

Fauzi, M. A., Mohd Ali, N. S., Mat Russ, N., Mohamad, F., Battour, M., & Mohd Zaki, N. N. (2024). Halal certification in food products: science mapping of present and future trends. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(12), 3564-3580.

Hamonangan, J., & Sakti, M. (2024). The Consumer Protection Efforts through the Inclusion of Non-Halal Information on Food Products. Law Development Journal, 6(2), 252-265.

Hamzah, I., Ahyani, H., Azmi, N., Tanjung, I. U., & Lousada, S. A. N. (2024). Legal Foundations for Inclusive Halal Tourism in West Java: Between Constitutional Principles and Practical Challenges. Syariah: Jurnal Hukum dan Pemikiran, 24(2), 503-529.

Haryati, H., Junaidi, H., & Rateb, S. M. (2024). The Debate on the Aesthetics of Business Brand Innovation Among the Millennial Generation for the Issuance of Halal Certification. Nurani: jurnal kajian syari'ah dan masyarakat, 24(2), 476-490.

Hasif, N. (2025). Between Tacos and Ḥalāl: Exploring Ḥalāl Food Access and Consumption among Muslim Immigrants in Mexico City. Ilahiyat Studies, 16(1), 29-75.

Hatoli. (2020). Halal Certification of the Indonesian Ulema Council on Electronic and Non-Consumer Products from the Maslahah Perspective. J. Islamic L., 1, 237.

Hermawan Adinugraha, H., Shulthoni, M., & Rikza Masyhadi, A. (2023). Interrelating state and religious laws on halal tourism in indonesia. Revista Jurídica (0103-3506), 4(76), 533–559.

Hulwati, H., Fadhlan, A., Zein, M. N. M., Mujiono, S., Ulhaq, M. D., & Wulandari, C. (2025). Navigating Halal Certification Standards: A Comparative Analysis Of The Food Industry In Indonesia And Malaysia. Journal of Fatwa Management and Research, 30(1), 1-22.

Izudin, A., Isnanto, M., Yuwono, D. B., & Sujibto, B. J. (2024). The coexistence of halal food products in non-Muslim communities: visiting Kupang cases, Indonesia. Journal of Islamic Marketing, 15(6), 1560-1582.

Kamil, A., & Hatta, F. A. M. (2025). Comparative study: Analysis of halal standards of the food industry in Islamic countries. Multidisciplinary Reviews, 8(8), 2025257-2025257.

Kharrazi, M., Fautanu, I., & Suganda, A. (2024). Legal analysis of mui's authority in providing halal label guarantees after the issuance of law number 33 of 2014 concerning guarantees for halal products. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental, 18(9), 1-13.

Luthviati, R. D., & Jenvitchuwong, S. (2021). Implementation of halal product assurance in the pharmaceutical sector in Indonesia. Journal of Human Rights, Culture and Legal System, 1(3), 164-179.

Maryanti, S., Netrawati, I. G. A. O., Martini, D., & Sukmana, F. H. (2020). Halal tourism in West Nusa Tenggara: a legal and economic perspective. Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan, 8(3), 472-483.

Masri, E., Irianto, S., Masriani, Y. T., & Falah, S. M. S. (2025). Halal Product Assurance as Legal Protection for Muslim Consumers in Indonesia. Al-Ahkam, 35(1), 205-234.

Masriani, Y. T., Maruf, M., & Noor, A. (2024). Regulation of Halal Labeling on Indonesian MSME Food Products Based on Positive Law. LAW REFORM, 21(2), 203-218.

Maulidia, R. (2022). Consumer legal protection efforts through halal certification policy for small medium industry in ponorogo. Jurisdictie: Jurnal Hukum Dan Syariah, 13(1), 111-127.

Musataklima, M. (2021). Self-Declare Halal Products for Small and Micro Enterprises Between Ease of Doing Business and Assurance of Consumer Spiritual Rights/Self Declare Produk Halal Usaha Kecil Mikro antara Kemudahan Berusaha dan Jaminan Hak Spiritual Konsumen. De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syar'iah, 13(1), 32-52.

Mustapa, A., Hashim, N., Sulong, M. R., Matusin, S. N. I., Dollah, N. F. H., & Matzin, N. S. (2025). Investigating The Halal Status Of Animal Bones And Ethanol In Conventional Food Products: A Preliminary Study. Journal of Fatwa Management and Research, 30(1), 23-37.

Nurhayati, N., Dimyati, K., Absori, A., Wardiono, K., Iksan, M., Rizka, R., & Harun, H. (2022). Culinary industry health product in surakarta, Indonesia: Health policy guaranteeing halal and healthy products. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 10(E), 88-91.

Osman, G. M., Chung, S. K., & Dewan, N. (2025). How Do Attitudes Towards Halal Food, Life Satisfaction, And Restaurant Choice Affect Dining For Muslim Residents In South Korea. Environment and Social Psychology, 10(5), 3595.

Saffinee, S. S., Safiee, W. N. C. M., Jamaludin, M. A., Gunardi, S., Anggraeni, L., & Abidin, H. Z. (2025). Halal Awareness in Gastronomy Tourism: The Role of Fatwa in Local Dishes of Malaysia and Indonesia. Journal of Fatwa Management and Research, 30(2), 1-16.

Santoso, L., Triyanta, A., & Thontowi, J. (2022). Halal tourism regulations in Indonesia: trends and dynamics in the digital era. Ijtihad: Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam Dan Kemanusiaan, 22(1), 73-94.

Suaidi, S., Anjum, R., Nasrudin, M., Maksum, M., & Astuti, S. D. (2025). Halal Food Development in Bali: Dynamics of Muslim Beliefs, State Regulations, and Local Culture. Al-Ahkam, 35(1), 147-178.

Suhartini, E., Hertiani, E., Djuniarsono, R., Rumatiga, H., & PM, N. S. (2024). Analysis of Halal Certification for Micro and Small Business Actors from the Perspective of Maslahah Principles and Legal Certainty. Al-'Adalah, 21(2), 401-426.

Susilowati, I., Furoida, A. N., Musliha, C., Kusumawardhani, H. A., & Wardhani, A. A. (2024). Effectiveness of food safety for halal industry in Indonesia. International Food Research Journal, 31(2), 320-330.

Susmayanti, R. (2024). Legal Protection for Non-Halal Traditional Culinary in Indonesia: Cultural, Religious and Economic Perspectives. Manchester Journal of Transnational Islamic Law & Practice, 20(3).

Trishananto, Y., Mas’ud, F., & Fauziah, U. N. (2024). Formulating policies for halal tourism in Indonesia based on Islamic law. Ijtihad: Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam Dan Kemanusiaan, 24(1), 47-70.

Wathoni, A. W., Mulazid, A. S., & Suhaimi, A. (2025). Gili Trawangan's Tourism Landscape: Understanding The Contestation between MSMEs, Government, and Visitors. KARSA Journal of Social and Islamic Culture, 33(1), 162-192.

Yuanitasari, D., Sardjono, A., & Susetyo, H. (2024). The Implications of Halal Regulations in Indonesia: A Consumer Protection’s Legal Perspective. Padjadjaran Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law), 11(3), 385-404.

Zulfa, E. A., Ismail, T. Q., Hayatullah, I. K., & Fitriana, A. (2023). Regulation and law enforcement on the protection of halal products in Indonesia. Cogent Social Sciences, 9(2), 2273344.

Anggarkasih, M. G., & Resma, P. S. (2022). The importance of Halal certification for the processed food by SMEs to increase export opportunities. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 348, p. 00039). EDP Sciences.

Fahma, F., Zakaria, R., & Akbar, C. (2020). Implementation of the Halal assurance system for small and medium manufacturing industries at UNSQUA. In AIP Conference Proceedings (Vol. 2217, No. 1, p. 030082). AIP Publishing LLC.




DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.30659/akta.v12i4.49601

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 JURNAL AKTA

License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0

Jurnal Akta has been indexed by:

Editorial Office: Jurnal Akta Room 2nd Floor Imam As Syafei Building Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Sultan Agung. Jln. Kaligawe KM. 4, Semarang City, Central Java, Indonesia. Phone +62 24 6583584 Fax +62 24 6582455

Phone: 024-6583584 (574)
Email: jurnalakta@unissula.ac.id

Creative Commons License

JURNAL AKTA (eISSN : 2581-2114, pISSN: 2406-9426), This work is licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).