Antara Cerita dan Realita: Mengungkap Profil Psikologis pada Narapidana dengan Kasus Kekerasan Seksual di Lapas X
Abstract
Saat ini kekerasan seksual menjadi kasus yang menarik perhatian publik karena jumlah laporan kasusnya tergolong tinggi. Pelaku kekerasan seksual merupakan salah satu bagian dalam lingkaran masalah yang perlu diteliti untuk mendapatkan pemahaman lebih menyeluruh mengenai fenomena kekerasan seksual. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkap profil psikologis pelaku kekerasan seksual, mencakup karakteristik yang sama maupun yang khas dari para pelaku. Riset kualitatif ini dirancang menggunakan studi kasus, dengan teknik purposive sampling melalui wawancara sebagai metode pengumpulan data utama. Data dianalisis melalui proses koding, dilengkapi teknik inter-rater reliability untuk memperkuat konsistensi data dan pada akhirnya menemukan profil psikologis. Partisipan adalah tiga narapidana kasus kekerasan seksual yang sedang menjalani masa hukuman di sebuah lembaga pemasyarakatan. Hasil utama yang bersifat umum menunjukkan bahwa profil psikologis pelaku kekerasan seksual mencakup sifat impulsif (berkaitan dengan rendahnya kontrol diri terhadap dorongan seksual), defisit empati pada korban, serta superioritas sebagai pelaku. Di samping itu ditemukan pula profil khas individu mencakup pembelaan diri, kecenderungan menyalahkan korban, adiksi alkohol dan obat-obatan, konformitas, serta rendahnya keintiman yang disertai kesepian emosional. Temuan penelitian ini membantu untuk memetakan penyebab yang mendorong munculnya kejahatan seksual dari sisi psikologis pelaku, dan selanjutnya dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pertimbangan upaya preventif maupun alternatif intervensi.
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