Students' Mathematical Problem-Solving Processes Across Self-Efficacy Levels in High School

Jasmine Kaylla Gemilang, Krisna Satrio Perbowo

Abstract


Mathematical problem-solving ability is an essential competency influenced by cognitive and affective factors, including self-efficacy. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of high school students' mathematical problem-solving ability across high, moderate, and low levels of self-efficacy. The research method used was a mixed-methods approach with a sequential explanatory design involving 108 eleventh-grade students at a high school in Indonesia. The research instruments included a self-efficacy questionnaire and a mathematical problem-solving test on SLETV material developed based on Polya's indicators. The results indicate a gradation of abilities aligned with self-efficacy levels. Students in the high category were able to systematically and flexibly manage all stages of Polya's model. Students in the moderate category began to encounter obstacles in completing algebraic manipulations, while those in the low category faced fundamental challenges from the modeling stage onward. A key finding revealed a common pattern across all levels: low metacognitive awareness regarding the "review" indicator. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of synergy between strengthening psychological aspects and fostering the habit of self-evaluation in mathematics learning.

 

Keywords: mathematical problem-solving, self-efficacy, polya stages

Full Text:

PDF

References


Alifia, N. N., & Rakhmawati, I. A. (2018). Kajian kemampuan self-efficacy matematis siswa dalam pemecahan masalah matematika. Jurnal Elektronik Pembelajaran Matematika, 5(1), 44-54. https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/jpm/article/view/26024/18242

Bandura, A. (1997). Self-Efficacy. The exercise of control. New York: W.H. Freeman.

Creswell, J. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Damianti, D., & Afriansyah, E. A. (2022). Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis dan Self-Efficacy Siswa SMP. Inspiramatika: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Matematika, 8(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.52943/inspiramatika.v8i1.696

Faozan, D., & Kusno, K. (2023). Systematic literature review pengaruh self-efficacy matematis terhadap kemampuan pemecahan matematika. Indonesian Journal of Intellectual Publication, 4(1), 11–16. https://doi.org/10.51577/ijipublication.v4i1.454

Gustia, S. K., & Nugraheni, E. A. (2025). Hubungan Self Efficacy dan Motivasi Belajar dengan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa SMA pada Materi SPLTV. Mandalika Mathematics and Education Journal, 7(2), 850-863. https://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jm.v7i2.9304

Handayani, A. Y., Jamilah, J., & Saputro, M. (2026). Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis pada Materi Aljabar Ditinjau dari Self-Efficacy. Al-Irsyad Journal of Mathematics Education, 5(1), 76-90. https://doi.org/10.61114/ajme.v5i1.139

Imaroh, A., Umah, U., & Asriningsih, T. M. (2021). Analisis kemampuan pemecahan matematika ditinjau dari self-efficacy siswa pada materi sistem persamaan linear tiga variabel. JPMI (Jurnal Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif), 4(4), 843–856. https://doi.org/10.22460/jpmi.v4i4.p%25p

John W. Creswell, & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Method Approaches. In C. Neve (Ed.), Sage Publications.

Juman, Z. A. M. S., Mathavan, M., Ambegedara, A. S., & Udagedara, I. G. K. (2022). Difficulties in Learning Geometry Component in Mathematics and Active-Based Learning Methods to Overcome the Difficulties. Shanlax International Journal of Education, 10(2), 41–58. https://doi.org/10.34293/

Kamsurya, M. A., Wijaya, A., Ramadhani, R., & Hukom, J. (2022). The Effect of Self-Efficacy on Students' Mathematical Abilities: A Meta-Analysis Study. Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif, 12(2), 451–463. https://doi.org/10.23960/jpp.v12.i2.202205

Klorina, M. J., & Juandi, D. (2022). Kesulitan Belajar Matematika Siswa di Indonesia Ditinjau dari Self-Efficacy: Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Symmetry: Pasundan Journal of Research in Mathematics Learning and Education, 7(2), 171-186. https://doi.org/10.23969/symmetry.v7i2.6225

Lagria, H., & Pañares, N. (2023). Difficulties in Solving Mathematical Problems and Pupils' Performance. International Journal of Research Publications, 129(1). https://doi.org/10.47119/IJRP1001291720235287

Marasabessy, R. (2020). Kajian Kemampuan Self Efficacy Matematis Siswa Dalam Pemecahan Masalah Matematika. JARTIKA: Jurnal Riset Teknologi dan Inovasi Pendidikan, 3(2), 168-183. https://doi.org/10.36765/jartika.v3i2.217

National Council of Teachers of Mathematics. (2020). Principles and standards for school mathematics. Reston, VA: NCTM.

Nicolaidou, M., & Philippou, G. (2003). Attitudes towards mathematics, self-efficacy, and achievement in problem-solving. European research in mathematics education III, 1(11), 1-12.

Ningsih, S. P., & Warmi, A. (2021). Analisis kepercayaan diri (self-confidence) pada pembelajaran Matematika siswa SMP. Maju, 8(2), 502468.

OECD. (2023). PISA 2022 results (Volume I): The state of learning and equity in education. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/53f23881-en

Pajares, F., & Miller, M. D. (1994). Role of Self-Efficacy and Self-Concept Beliefs in Mathematical Problem Solving : A Path Analysis, 86(2), 193–203. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.86.2.193

Polya. (1973). How to Solve it: A new aspect of mathematical method. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Putri, A. A., & Juandi, D. (2022). Kemampuan pemecahan matematis ditinjau dari self-efficacy systematic literature review di Indonesia. Symmetry Pasundan Journal of Research in Mathematics Learning and Education, 7(2), 135–147. https://doi.org/10.23969/symmetry.v7i2.6493

Qori, A. R., & Hidayati, N. (2022). Analysis of students' mathematical problem-solving ability with integer materials. Unnes Journal of Mathematics Education Research, 11(2), 121–130. Retrieved from https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/ujmer/article/view/61900

Rahmatiya, R., & Miatun, A. (2020). Analisis kemampuan pemecahan matematis ditinjau dari resiliensi matematis siswa SMP. Teorema Teori dan Riset Matematika, 5(2), 187–202. https://jurnal.unigal.ac.id/index.php/teorema/article/view/3619

Riyadi, A. R., & Fitriani, A. D. (2025). Hubungan Self-Efficacy Dengan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Fase C Sekolah Dasar. BADA'A: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 7(2), 42-53. https://doi.org/10.37216/badaa.v7i2.2170

Schukajlow, S., Blomberg, J., Rellensmann, J., & Leopold, C. (2021). The role of strategy-based motivation in mathematical problem solving: The case of learner-generated drawings. Learning and Instruction, 80, 101561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2021.101561

Sinaga, B., Sitorus, J., & Situmeang, T. (2023). The influence of students' problem-solving understanding on the outcomes of students' mathematics learning. Frontiers in Education, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1088556

Umbara, F. D. A. D., Suhendra, S., & Kusumah, Y. S. (2022). Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability of Junior High School Students in Terms of Self-Efficacy. JNPM (Jurnal Nasional Pendidikan Matematika), 6(3), 509-524. https://doi.org/10.33603/jnpm.v6i3.6899

Utami, R. W., & Wutsqa, D. U. (2017). Analisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika dan self-efficacy siswa SMP negeri di Kabupaten Ciamis. Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Matematika, 4(2), 166-175. https://doi.org/10.21831/jrpm.v4i2.14897

Yunaeti, N., Arhasy, E. A., & Ratnaningsih, N. (2021). Analisis kemampuan pemecahan matematik peserta didik menurut teori John Dewey ditinjau dari gaya belajar. Journal of Authentic Research on Mathematics Education, 3(1), 10–21. https://doi.org/10.37058/jarme.v3i1.2212

Zakariya, Y. F. (2022). Improving students' mathematics self-efficacy: A systematic review of intervention studies. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.986622




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/kontinu.10.1.239-260

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2026 Jasmine Kaylla Gemilang, Krisna Satrio Perbowo

License URL: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons - Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The Kontinu Journal is published by the Mathematics Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education (FKIP), Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (Unissula).

Contact us: GKB, 2nd Floor, FKIP Unissula, Jl. Raya Kaligawe Km.4, Terboyo Kulon, Genuk, Semarang 50112.
Email: jurnal.kontinu@unissula.ac.id