Policy on Sentencing Criminal Actors in Accordance with Pancasila Justice (Study of Decision Number: 504/Pid.B/2024/PN.Ptk)
Abstract
Abstract. The enforcement of criminal law in Indonesia not only aims to deter offenders but is also expected to reflect the values of social justice as enshrined in the fifth principle of Pancasila. One of the major challenges in the criminal justice system is to realize a fair and proportional sentencing policy, not only towards the perpetrators but also by considering the interests of the victims and society as a whole. This research aims to analyze sentencing policies for theft offenders that embody social justice, using Case Decision Number 504/Pid.B/2024/PN.Ptk as a case study, and to evaluate the extent to which the imposed criminal sanctions reflect the principles of Pancasila justice. The research method used is a normative juridical and sociological juridical approach. Primary data were obtained from official copies of court decisions, while secondary data were obtained through literature review of criminal law literature, doctrines, and relevant regulations. The analysis was conducted qualitatively, emphasizing the legal construction built in the judge's considerations and the values of social justice within the context of Pancasila. The research results show that the sentencing policy reflected in Decision Number 504/Pid.B/2024/PN.Ptk is still dominated by a retributive paradigm, although there are considerations that attempt to accommodate aspects of substantive justice and the social conditions of the perpetrator. The criminal sentence imposed does not yet fully reflect a rehabilitative and restorative approach aimed at restoring the relationship between the perpetrator, the victim, and society. In the context of Pancasila justice, sentencing should not only serve as a means of retribution but also as an effort for rehabilitation and social reconciliation. Thus, this research recommends that future penal policies integrate the cultural and ideological values of the Indonesian nation, namely Pancasila-based social justice, through a more humane and responsive penal approach to the background of the offenders and their impact on society.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Journals:
Adnan, R. (2021). The Urgency of Updating the Criminal Code and Contextualizing Justice in Criminal Procedure. Progressive Law Journal, 13(2), 145–160.
Akbar, MF (2021). Restorative Justice in the Criminal Justice System as an Manifestation of Pancasila Values. Unissula Law Journal, 37(1), 123–135. https://journal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/hukum/article/view/XXXX
Bawono, BT (2024). Implementation of Restorative Justice in Criminal Law Enforcement in Indonesia. Unissula Law Journal, 38(2), 210–225. https://journal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/hukum/article/view/XXXX
Hendradiana, A., & Gunarto. (2024). The legal renewal of malpractices by medical personnel based on restorative justice. Jurnal Hukum, 40(1), 76–77.
Lubis, M. (2020). Social justice punishment in the perspective of criminal law. Journal of Law and Development, 50(2), 145–162. https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol50.no2.3456
Mutmainnah, N. (2022). “Restorative Justice in the Perspective of Pancasila Social Justice.” Khaira Ummah Law Journal, 17(3), 215–228. https://jurnal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/khairuummah/article/view/20284
R. Widodo, “Social Approach in Criminalization: A Study of the Implementation of the Principle of Social Justice,” Journal of Law & Development 48, no. 3 (2018): 385–400.
R. Widodo, “Victim Recovery in a Restorative Approach,” UNISSULA Law Journal, 14(3), 2019: 332.
Rezna Fitriawan and R. Sugiharto, The Role of the Criminal Investigation Unit in Revealing Aggravated Theft in the Jurisdiction of the Demak Police Resort, Proceedings of the Unissula Student Scientific Constellation (Kimu) 5, 2021, p. 330
Sulaiman Rahman, “Restorative Justice in the Perspective of Islamic Law and National Law,” UNISSULA Law Journal, 16(2), 2022: 145.
Witasari, A. (2019). Implementation of Diversion to Realize Restorative Justice in the Juvenile Criminal Justice System. Unissula Law Journal, 35(2), 171–185. https://journal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/hukum/article/view/XXXX
Books:
Ancel, M. (1965). Social Defense: A Modern Approach to Criminal Problems. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics, trans. Terence Irwin (Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing, 1985), Book V.
Atmasasmita, R. (2015). Understanding Integrative Legal Theory. Legality, 8(1), 1–15.
Author not mentioned. (2022). Implementation of restorative justice in settlement of criminal cases. Jurnal Akta, 9(1).
Barda Nawawi Arief, Problems of Law Enforcement and Criminal Law Policy in Combating Crime (Jakarta: Prenada Media, 2017), 98.
Barda Nawawi Arief. (2008). Anthology of Criminal Law Policy. Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group.
Bawengan, GW, Examination Techniques and Criminal Cases, Pradnya Paramita, Jakarta, 1974, p. 22
Daly, K. (2006). “The Limits of Restorative Justice.” In Dennis Sullivan & Larry Tifft (Eds.), Handbook of Restorative Justice (pp. 134–145). New York: Routledge.
Donald Albert Rumokoy and Frans Maramis, Introduction to Legal Science, Rajagrafindo Persada, Jakarta, 2014, p. 16
Government of the Republic of Indonesia. (2023). Draft Criminal Code (RKUHP). Article 54.
Kaelan. (2013). Pancasila Education. Yogyakarta: Paradigma.
Koesno Adi, H. (2021). Restorative Justice in Criminal Case Resolution. Malang: Setara Press.
Lilik Mulyadi, Courts and Judicial Power in Indonesia: Theory, Practice, and Problems (Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2020), 215.
Manan, B. (2005). Constitutional Theory and Politics. Jakarta: UII Press.
Muladi and Barda Nawawi Arief, Criminal Theories and Policies (Bandung: Alumni, 2010), 112.
Muladi. (1995). Selected Chapters on the Criminal Justice System. Semarang: UNDIP Publishing Agency.
Muladi. (2002). Human Rights, Politics, and the Criminal Justice System. Jakarta: Agency for Research and Development of Law and Human Rights.
Muladi. (2005). Criminal Law Policy: Developments and Problems. Bandung: Alumni.
National Team of the Draft Criminal Code. (2019). Academic Manuscript of the Draft Criminal Code (RKUHP). Jakarta: Ministry of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia.
National Team of the Draft Criminal Code. (2019). Academic Manuscript of the Draft Criminal Code (RKUHP). Jakarta: Ministry of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia.
PAF Lamintang, Basics of Indonesian Criminal Law, BAuthor: Citra Aditya Bhakti, 2013
PAF Lamintang, Basics of Indonesian Criminal Law, BAuthor: Citra Aditya Bhakti, 2013
PAF Lamintang., Special Offenses, Crimes Against Property, First Edition, Bandung, Sinar Baru, 1989, p. 11.
PAF Lamintang., Special Offenses, Crimes Against Property, First Edition, Bandung, Sinar Baru, 1989, p. 11.
R. Soesilo, Criminal Code (KUHP), Bogor: Politeia, 1988, p. 248.
R. Soesilo, Criminal Code (KUHP), Bogor: Politeia, 1988, p. 248.
Rahardjo, S. (2006). Progressive Law: Law that Liberates. Jakarta: Kompas.
Rahardjo, S. (2006). Progressive Law: Law that Liberates. Jakarta: Kompas.
Rahardjo, S. (2021). Restorative justice as a new paradigm of punishment. Journal of Legal Studies, 18(1), 55–70.
Satjipto Rahardjo, Progressive Law: Law that Liberates (Jakarta: Kompas, 2009), 155.
Soerjono Soekanto & Sri Mamudji, Normative Legal Research (A Brief Review), Rajawali Pers, Depok, 2019, pp. 13-14.
Soetandyo Wignjosoebroto, Law: Paradigms, Methods, and Dynamics of its Problems (Jakarta: Elsam, 2002), 139.
Sudarto, Law and Criminal Law (Bandung: Alumni, 1986), 72.
Sudarto. (1986). Criminal Law and the Development of Society. Bandung: Sinar Baru.
Sudarto. (1986). Law and Criminal Law. Bandung: Alumni.
Tolib Effendi, Basics of Criminal Procedure Law: Development and Reform in Indonesia, Setara Press, Surabaya, 2014, p. 2.
Wahid, Abdul. (2022). Contextual Justice in the Indonesian Criminal Law System. Semarang: UNISSULA Faculty of Law.
Wahyuningsih, SE (2020). Criminal Law Reform Based on Restorative Justice. Semarang: UNISSULA Press.
Wirjono Prodjodikoro, Certain Criminal Acts in Indonesia, Bandung, Eresco, 1986, p. 19
Yesmil Anwar, Criminology, Rafika Aditama. Bandung, 2010, p. 200.
Zehr, H. (2002). The Little Book of Restorative Justice. Good Books.
Internet:
Government of the Republic of Indonesia. (2023). Draft Criminal Code (RKUHP). https://peraturan.go.id
Regulation:
Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), Article 197.
Decision Number 504/Pid.B/2024/PN.Ptk. (2024). Pontianak District Court.
Decision of the Banjarmasin District Court Number 21/Pid.B/2021/PN Ban.
Draft Criminal Code (RKUHP), Academic Manuscript, Ministry of Law and Human Rights of the Republic of Indonesia, 2022.
Draft Criminal Code (RKUHP), Article 54.
Indonesia, Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), Article 197 paragraph (1) letter f.
Indonesia, Law Number 11 of 2012 concerning the Juvenile Criminal Justice System, Article 6.
Pontianak District Court Decision Number 504/Pid.B/2024/PN.Ptk.
Regulation of the Chief of the Republic of Indonesia National Police Number 8 of 2021 concerning Handling of Criminal Acts Based on Restorative Justice.
Republic of Indonesia. (1945). The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, Article 28D paragraph (1)
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jhku.v20i2.46230
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Hukum Khairu Ummah Indexed by :

![]() | Jurnal Hukum Khaira Ummah | |
Faculty of Law, Unissula | Copyright of Jurnal Hukum Khaira Ummah | |
Jalan Kaligawe Raya KM.4, Terboyo Kulon, Genuk, | ISSN ( 1907-3119 ) e-ISSN ( 2988-3334 ) | |
Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, 50112 |