Acute Central Nervous System Infection : a Case Report

Masfiyah Masfiyah*  -  Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro Semarang/ RSUP Dr Kariadi Semarang Fakultas Kedokteran Unissula Semarang/ RS Islam Sultan Agung Semarang, Indonesia
Rebriarina Hapsari  -  Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro Semarang/ RSUP Dr Kariadi Semarang, Indonesia
Rahayu Rahayu  -  Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro Semarang/ RSUP Dr Kariadi Semarang Fakultas Kedokteran Unissula Semarang/ RS Islam Sultan Agung Semarang, Indonesia
Maryani Maryani  -  Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro Semarang/ RSUP Dr Kariadi Semarang Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta/ RSUD Dr Muwardi Surakarta, Indonesia

(*) Corresponding Author
Background : Acute central nervous system infection can be rapidly progressive, causing death or permanent damage in a short period of time. The diagnosis and knowledge of possible etiological agent is critically important. We present a case of a 15-month-old girl with generalized seizures and ecchymosis suspected for meningococcal infection but there was no proof of the agent of infection.

Case report : A 15-month-old girl was admitted with fever of 39,4°C, generalized seizures, and petechiae after suffered high fever and cough in previous day. This was her first episode of seizures. She has no past history of growth and developmental disorder. She became rapidly deteriorated after few hours being hospitalized in Kariadi. Brain CT-scan was not done due to her conditions. She had anemia, normal white blood count, monocytosis, thrombocytopenia (4000/mm3), low CD4 count (99 cell/mm3), hipoalbuminemia (1.4 g/dl), increased lactate (2.5 mmol/L) and procalcitonin (>200.00 ng/ml). Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed normal cells count and glucose but increased protein level (375.2 mg/dL). Meningococcal infection was suspected due to clinical appearance, and ceftriaxone was given. Bacteriological and fungal culture of CSF and blood showed no growth. Despite of cardiorespiratory support given, she died after 4 days of admission.

Discussion : Features of seizure and general ecchymosis do not belong exclusively to meningococcal infection. There are other possible etiological agent such as Haemophylus influenza, Streptococcal infection and viral infection. Shortage of available diagnostic tools such as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) made it difficult to confirm the etiological agent (Sains Medika, 4(2):204-209).

Question Remarks : What agent which you think cause the infection?

Keywords: acute central nervous system infection; ecchymosis

Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
is published by Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang, Indonesia.
Jl. Raya Kaligawe Km.4, PO BOX 1054/SM Semarang 50112
Website: https://fkunissula.ac.id/
Email: sainsmedika@unissula.ac.idsainsmedika@unissula.ac.id

ISSN: 2339-093X (Online) | 2085-1545 (Print)
DOI : 10.30659/sainsmed

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

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