Legal Consequences of Falsifying Transaction Prices by Land Deed Making Officials (PPAT) on the Validity of Land Sale and Purchase Deeds

Bragalbo Racha Arka Pradiya

Abstract


This study aims to analyze: 1) The legal consequences of falsifying transaction prices by PPAT on the validity of the Deed of Sale and Purchase of Land. 2) Legal protection for parties who are harmed due to falsifying transaction prices in the Deed of Sale and Purchase. This type of research is normative legal research. The approach method uses a statute approach. The type of data in this study is secondary data. The data collection method uses library techniques (study document). The analysis in this study is prescriptive. The results of the study concluded: 1) The legal consequences of falsifying transaction prices by PPAT on the validity of the Deed of Sale and Purchase of Land are the reduction or loss of the evidentiary power of the Deed of Sale and Purchase as an authentic deed as regulated in Article 1868 of the Civil Code if the contents of the deed do not reflect the actual situation. The inclusion of an inappropriate price can also cause the sale and purchase agreement to be legally flawed because the price is an essential element in the sale and purchase as regulated in Article 1457 of the Civil Code and is related to the requirements for the validity of the agreement in Article 1320 of the Civil Code. As a result, the transfer of land rights based on the deed can be cancelled and potentially result in the cancellation of the land title certificate as related to Article 37 paragraph (1) of PP Number 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration. In addition, PPAT can also be held legally accountable both administratively, civilly and criminally, including the possibility of being charged with Article 263 of the Criminal Code concerning falsification of documents. This is reflected in the land dispute case in Surakarta City which was decided in the Surabaya District Court Decision Number 1251/Pdt.G/2020/PN Sby which stated that the sale and purchase transaction was invalid and had no binding legal force. 2) Legal protection for parties who are harmed due to falsification of transaction prices in the Land Sale and Purchase Deed is provided to guarantee legal certainty and restore the rights of the harmed party. In the case of Notary/PPAT ASD, the inclusion of a transaction value that was different from the actual value gave rise to a dispute which was decided in the Surabaya District Court Decision Number 1251/Pdt.G/2020/PN Sby by declaring the transaction invalid.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Journals:

Baiq Heni Paramita Rosandi, 2016, “Akibat Hukum Jual Beli Hak Atas Tanah yang Belum Didaftarkan”, Jurnal IUS Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan, Vol. 4 No. 3.

Bella Kharisma, 2022, “Akta Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah Elektronik Sebagai Alat Bukti: Urgensi Harmonisasi Kebijakan”, Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana, Vol. 11 No. 2.

Ghazahra Vesti Rana dan Tiurma Mangihut Pitta Allagan, 2021, “Keabsahan Jual Beli Tanah Tanpa Pembaruan Data Sertipikat Ditinjau Berdasarkan Sifat Terang dan Tunai”, Jatiswara, Vol. 36 No. 3.

I Dewa Made Suartha, 2019, “Peranan PPAT dalam Menjamin Kepastian Hukum Peralihan Hak Atas Tanah Melalui Akta Otentik”, Jurnal Magister Hukum Udayana, Vol. 8 No. 2.

Istanti dan Akhmad Khisni, 2017, “Akibat Hukum Dari Akta Jual Beli Tanah Dihadapan PPAT Yang Dibuat Tidak Sesuai Dengan Prosedur Pembuatan Akta PPAT”, Jurnal Akta, Vol. 4 No. 2.

James Yoseph, 2023, “The Role Land Deed Official in The Registration of Land Proprietary Rights to Guarantee Legal Certainty For Communities In Jayapura City”, The Seybold Report, Vol. 18 No. 03.

Lathifah Hanim, 2016, “Kedudukan dan Tanggung Jawab Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah (PPAT) dalam Kaitannya dengan Akta Otentik”, Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum, Vol. III No. 2.

Relinawati Simanjuntak et al., 2023, “Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Tanah Negara (Lahan Kosong) Yang Dikuasai Oleh Masyarakat”, Lex Administratum, Vol. XI No. 04.

Zaka Firma Aditya, 2020, “Rekonstruksi Peran Pejabat Umum dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia”, Jurnal Negara Hukum, Vol. 11 No. 1.

Books:

Achmad Rubaie, 2007, Hukum Pengadaan Tanah Untuk Kepentingan Umum, Bayumedia, Malang.

Adami Chazawi, 2014, Kejahatan Mengenai Pemalsuan, Rajawali Pers, Jakarta.

Boedi Harsono, 2008, Hukum Agraria Indonesia: Sejarah Pembentukan UUPA, Isi dan Pelaksanaannya, Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta.

Habib Adjie, 2015, Hukum Notaris Indonesia, Refika Aditama, Bandung.

Maria S.W. Sumardjono, 2009, Tanah Dalam Perspektif Hak Ekonomi, Sosial dan Budaya, Kompas, Jakarta.

R. Subekti, 2005, Hukum Perjanjian, Intermasa, Jakarta.

Rachmadi Usman, 2012, Hukum Hak Atas Tanah, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta.

Rudi Indrajaya dkk, 2020, Notaris dan PPAT Suatu Pengantar, Refika Aditama, Bandung.

Satjipto Rahardjo, 2006, Ilmu Hukum, Citra Aditya Bakti, Bandung.

Solahudin Pugung, 2021, Perihal Tanah dan Hukum Jual Belinya Serta Tanggung Jawab PPAT Terhadap Akta Yang Mengandung Cacat Perspektif Negara Hukum, Budi Utama, Yogyakarta.

Sri Hajati, 2016, Buku Ajar Politik Hukum Pertanahan, Airlangga University Press, Surabaya.

Sudikno Mertokusumo, 2009, Hukum Acara Perdata Indonesia, Liberty, Yogyakarta.

Urip Santoso, 2017, Hukum Agraria: Kajian Komprehensif, Kencana, Jakarta.

Regulation:

Civil Code

Criminal Code

Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Basic Agrarian Regulations

Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning the Position of Notary Public.

Law Number 6 of 2023 concerning the Stipulation of Government Regulations in Lieu of Law on the Job Creation Law.

Law Number 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code.

Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 24 of 1997 concerning Land Registration

Government Regulation (PP) Number 24 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Government Regulation Number 37 of 1998 concerning the Position of Land Deed Officials.

Government Regulation Number 34 of 2016 concerning Income Tax on Income from the Transfer of Land and/or Building Rights, and Land and/or Building Sale and Purchase Agreements.

Government Regulation (PP) Number 18 of 2021 concerning Management Rights, Land Rights, Apartment Units, and Land Registration.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Editorial Office: TABELLIUS: Journal of Law Room 2nd Floor Imam As Syafei Building Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Sultan Agung. Jln. Kaligawe KM. 4, Semarang City, Central Java, Indonesia. Phone +62 24 6583584 Fax +62 24 6582455

Phone: 024-6583584 (574)
Email : tabelius@unissula.ac.id