Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang
Students Who are Listening to Classical Music during Anatomic Identification Test Have Lower Stress Level
Introduction: Just like any other test, anatomical identification test can also cause high stress. Classical music intervention has proven effective in mitigating stress level in clinical context. However, whether or not it is effective as well to reduce stress level during anatomical identification test remains unknown.
Objective: discovering whether listening to classical music can alleviate stress level in students when attending anatomical identification examination.
Methods: Experimental research with post-test only control group design, involving 148 students as its sample obtained using proportionate stratified random sampling. The sample is divided into 2 groups: the group who listen to classical music and the one who did not listen to classical music. The stress level was measured using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The data are analyzed using Chi Square test.
Results: Students who do not listen to classical music are mostly experiencing moderate (33 students or 22.29%), mild (29 students or 19.59%) and severe (12 students or 8.1%) stresses. On the other hand, students who listen to classical music are mostly experiencing mild (44 students or 29.72%), moderate (29 students 19.59%) and severe (1 student or 0.67%) stresses. The Chi Square test shows significant difference, p= 0.002.
Conclusion: Listening to classical music makes students have lower stress level when attending anatomical identification test.
Keywords: Stress;Classical Music;Anatomical Identification Test
- Ab, J., I.N, H., 2009. Stress and Coping Strategies Among Medical Students in National University of Malaysia, Malaysia University of Sabah and Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak. J. Community Health 15, Malaysia University of Sabah and Universiti Kuala.
- Abdulghani, H.M., Alkanhal, A.A., Mahmoud, E.S., Ponnamperuma, G.G., Alfaris, E.A., 2011. Stress and Its Effects on Medical Students : A Cross-sectional Study at a College of Medicine in Saudi Arabia. J. Heal. Popul. Nutr. 29, 516–522.
- Adareth, T., Purwoko, Y., 2017. Musik klasik menurunkan tingkat stres mahasiswa yang akan menghadapi ujian. J. Kedokt. Diponegoro 6, 1269–1278.
- Alagha, B.J., Ipradjian, A., 2017. The Effects of Different Types of Music on Stress Levels 17, 0–4.
- Al-Dubai, S.A.R., Al-Naggar, R.A., Alshagga, M.A., Rampal, K.G., 2011. Stress and Coping Strategies of Students in a Medical Faculty in Malaysia 18, 57–64.
- Ardiansyah, G., 2014. Pengaruh terapi musik klasik dan murotal terhadap penurunan tingkat stres mahasiswa S1 semester akhir Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
- Basar, E., 2006. The theory of the whole-brain-work 60, 133–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2005.12.007
- Bharadwaj, R., 2017. Effect of Music Therapy on Stress and Anxiety of University Students. Int. J. Innov. Res. Multidiscip. F. 3, 10–14.
- Campbell, D., 2002. Efek mozart bagi anakanak meningkatkan daya pikir, kesehatan dan kreativitas anak melalui musik. Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta.
- Campbell, D., 2001. Efek mozart memanfaatkan kekuatan musik untuk mempertajam pikiran, meningkatkan kreativitas, dan menyehatkan tubuh. Gramedia Utama, Jakarta.
- Cheng, L., 2013. Physiological evidence in support of music intervention in a clinical environment. Boston Univerdity School of Medicine.
- Claproth, R., 2010. Dahsyatnya bahaya aktivasi otak tengah. Grasindo, Jakarta.
- Devi, R.S., Shaj Mohan, 2015. A STUDY ON STRESS AND ITS EFFECTS ON COLLEGE. Int. J. Sci. Eng. Appl. Sci. 2395–3470.
- Dewi, M.P., 2009. Studi Metaanalisis : Musik Untuk Menurunkan Stres. J. Psikol. 36, 106–115.
- Djohan, 2006. Terapi musik teori dan aplikasi. Galang Press, Yogyakarta.
- Djohan, 2005. Psikologi musik. Buku Baik, Yogyakarta.
- Evangelista, K., Luis, R., Brylle, A.M., Timothy, C., Marilee, C., Evangelista, H., Ana, J., Katrina, M., Michael, G., Diño, J., 2017. Effects of Classical Background Music on Stress , Anxiety , and Knowledge of Filipino Baccalaureate Nursing Students. Int. J. Nurs. Educ. Scholarsh. 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijnes-2016-0076
- Fang, R., Ye, S., Huangfu, J., Calimag, D.P., 2017. Music therapy is a potential intervention for cognition of Alzheimer’s Disease: A mini-review. Transl. Neurodegener. 6, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40035-017-0073-9
- Fink, G., 2009. Stress : Definition and History. Encycl. Neurosci. 549–555.
- Fukui, H., Arai, A., Toyoshima, K., 2012a. Efficacy of Music Therapy in Treatment for the Patients with Alzheimer ’ s Disease. Int. J. Alzheimer’s Dis. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/531646
- Fukui, H., Arai, A., Toyoshima, K., 2012b. Efficacy of music therapy in treatment for the patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Int. J. Alzheimers. Dis. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/531646
- Fukui, H., Toyoshim, K., 2011. Music and Steroids – Music Facilitates Steroid–Induced Synaptic Plasticity. Steroids - Clin. Asp. 151–166. https://doi.org/10.5772/26511
- Fukui, H., Toyoshima, K., 2011. Music and Steroids – Music Facilitates Steroid – Induced Synaptic Plasticity. Steroids - Clin. Asp. 151–166.
- Fukui, H., Toyoshima, K., 2008. Music facilitate the neurogenesis, regeneration and repair of neurons. Med. Hypotheses 71, 765–769. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2008.06.019
- Groarke, J.M., 2017. Title The adaptive functions of music listening : structure , correlates , and consequences Author ( s ) Groarke , Jennifer M. Publication Date Item record. The National University of Ireland Galway.
- Hall, G.&, 2016. Textbook of Medical Physiology. Elsevier, USA.
- Istadi, Y., 2012. Factors Perceived as Predictors of Exam Stress during Identification Anatomy Examination. Proceding 5th JakMed, Jakarta.
- Kahloul, M., Mhamdi, S., Nakhli, M.S., Nadhir, A., Azzaza, M., Chaouch, A., Naija, W., 2017. Effects of music therapy under general anesthesia in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Libyan J. Med. 12, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/19932820.2017.1260886
- Kühlmann, A.Y.R., Etnel, J.R.G., Roos-hesselink, J.W., Jeekel, J., Bogers, A.J.J.C., Takkenberg, J.J.M., 2016. Systematic review and meta-analysis of music interventions in hypertension treatment : a quest for answers. BMC Cardiovasc. Disord. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12872-016-0244-0
- Latha, R., Srikanth, S., Sairaman, H., Roja, N., Dity, E., 2014. Effect of music on heart rate variability and stress in medical students 1, 131–134. https://doi.org/10.4103/2348-8093.137409
- Marin, M.M., Lampatz, A., Wandl, M., Leder, H., 2016. Berlyne Revisited: Evidence for the Multifaceted Nature of Hedonic Tone in the Appreciation of Paintings and Music. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 10, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2016.00536
- Mayer, F.B., Santos, I.S., Silveira, P.S.P., Helena, M., Lopes, I., Regina, A., Dias, N., Campos, E.P., Andrade, B., Abreu, L. De, Ii, I.H., Magalhães, C.R., Lima, M.C.P., Almeida, R., 2016. Factors associated to depression and anxiety in medical students : a multicenter study. BMC Med. Educ. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-016-0791-1
- Pariat, M.L., Rynjah, M.A., Joplin, M., Kharjana, M.G., 2014. Stress Levels of College Students : Interrelationship between Stressors and Coping Strategies . IOSR J. Humanit. Soc. Sci. 19, 40–46.
- Parle, M., 2016. HARMONIZING EFFECT OF MUSIC ON THE PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM Available online through. Int. J. Res. Ayurveda Pharm. 484–490.
- Rony Wahyudi, Eka Bebasari, E.N., 2016. Gambaran Tingkat Stres pada Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau Tahun Pertama. J. Ilmu Kedokt. 9, 107–113.
- Rosanty, R., 2014. Pengaruh Musik Mozart dalam Mengurangi Stres pada Mahasiswa yang Sedang Skripsi. J. Educ. Heal. Community Psychol. 3, 71–78.
- Saeedan, M., Kor, Y.G., Saeed, Z., Shaikh, R.B., Sharbatti, S. Al, 2013. Prevalence of stress among third year medical students at Gulf Medical University. Gulf Med. Univ. 2.
- Safaria, T., Saputra, N.E., 2012. Manajemen emosi : sebuah panduan cerdas bagaimana mengelola emosi positif dalam hidup anda. Bumi Aksara, Jakarta.
- Sarafino, E.P., 2010. Health psychology (Biopsychosocial interaction). John Wiley & Sons, New York.
- Shkulaku, R., 2015. Student’s stress in higher education institutions: A critical review of foreign literatures and the ones in Albania. Eur. Sci. J. August 7881, 1857–7881.
- Thoma, M. V, Marca, R. La, Brönnimann, R., Finkel, L., Ehlert, U., Urs, M., 2013. The Effect of Music on the Human Stress Response. PLoS One 8, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0070156
- Trappe, H.J., 2012. Music and medicine: The effects of music on the human being. Appl. Cardiopulm. Pathophysiol. 16, 133–142.
- Trappe, H.J., 2010. Music and health’, Musik. Tanz- und Kunsttherapie 21, 1–6.
- Tsiris, G., Tsiris, G., 2008. Aesthetic Experience and Transformation in Music Therapy: A Critical Essay. Voices A World Forum Music Ther. 8. https://doi.org/10.15845/voices.v8i3.416
- Uhlhaas, P.J., Singer, W., 2013. High-frequency oscillations and the neurobiology of schizophrenia. Dialogues Clin. Neurosci. 15, 301–313.
- Wahida, Nooryanto, M., Andarini, S., 2015. Terapi Murotal Al-Qur ’an Surat Arrahman Meningkatkan Kadar β -Endorphin dan Menurunkan Intensitas Nyeri pada Ibu Bersalin Kala I Fase Aktif. J. Kedokt. Brawijaya 28, 213–216.
- Willenswaard, K.C. Van, Lynn, F., Mcneill, J., Mcqueen, K., Dennis, C., Lobel, M., Alderdice, F., 2017. Music interventions to reduce stress and anxiety in pregnancy : a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 17, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-017-1432-x
- Wirawan, 2012. Menghadapi Stres dan Depresi: Seni Menikmati Hidup Agar Selalu Bahagia. Platinum, Jakarta.
- Yuwono, B., 2010. ESQ Information. PT. Gramedia Pustaka, Jakarta.
- Zahara, R., 2015. Volume 26 Nomor 1 Januari 2015 201. J. Tribakti 26, 201–219.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.