Criminal Law Policy in an Efforts to Combat The Criminal Acts of Subsidized Fuel Misuse in The New KUHP

Surya Dinata

Abstract


This study aims to analyze criminal law policy in combating the misuse of subsidized fuel (BBM) based on the prevailing positive law, particularly Law Number 22 of 2001 on Oil and Gas, and to examine it within the framework of the National Criminal Code (Law Number 1 of 2023) as part of national criminal law reform. The study employs a normative juridical approach with doctrinal analysis supported by a multidisciplinary perspective. The findings reveal that the prevailing positive law bases its regulation on Articles 53, 54, and 55 of Law Number 22 of 2001 as lex specialis, complemented by fraud provisions in the old Criminal Code as lex generalis. However, its effectiveness remains hampered by implementation gaps, weak coordination among law enforcement agencies, inconsistent norm enforcement, and criminogenic factors such as price disparities and inadequate distribution oversight. Within the framework of the National Criminal Code, countermeasures against subsidized fuel misuse are pursued through complementary constructions of fraud, embezzlement, and deceptive conduct offenses alongside existing sectoral regulations. The expansion of corporate criminal liability under Articles 45–50, a varied and proportional sentencing system, and the ultimum remedy principle reflects a more humane policy orientation toward restorative justice. Its effectiveness while demanding synergy among legal substance, institutional capacity, and legal culture, integrated with a comprehensive and sustainable non-penal approach.


Keywords


Criminal Law Policy; New Criminal Code; Subsidized Fuel; Substantive Justice.

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/rlj.5.2.%25p

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