Disparity in Sentencing in Domestic Violence Cases
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of Domestic Violence cases in Indonesia demonstrates that such offenses within the domestic sphereconstituteaseriousissue that not only threatens social order and family dignity but also infringes upon fundamental human rights. Although Law Number 23 of 2004 on the Elimination of Domestic Violence provides a firm normative foundation for the enforcement of domestic violence laws, disparities in sentencing remain evident in practice, even among cases with similarcharacteristics. This phenomenon, known as sentencing disparity, refers to a condition in which judges impose different punishments forcomparableoffenses without objective and adequate justification. This study aims to analyze the judicial reasoning underlying court decisions in domestic violence cases and to identify the existence of sentencing disparities, particularly as reflected in the decisions of the Purwodadi District Court specifically Decision Number 124/Pid.Sus/2021/PN Pwd and Decision Number 56/Pid.Sus/2024/PN Pwd. Using a normative juridical research method through statutory and case approaches, this research examines the legal construction, evidentiary basis, juridical and non-juridical considerations, as well as the alignment of the decisions with the objectives of judgment and the principle of legal certainty. The findings reveal that although the two decisions sharesimilaritiesin offense elements, forms of physical violence, and evidentiary foundations, they differ significantly in the length of imprisonment imposed. This disparity is primarily influenced by variations in judicial assessments, degree of culpability, and the impact of their actions. Nevertheless, not all judicial considerations in these cases reflect a proper application of the principles of proportionality, consistency, and victim protection as mandated by the Domestic Violence Law. Consequently, comprehensive sentencing guidelines are urgently needed to ensure that decisions in domestic violence cases uphold legal certainty, substantive justice, and optimal protection for victims.
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DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.30659/rlj.4.4.5453-5468
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