Comparative Analysis of the Criminal Act of Defamation in the KUHP and the Ite Law After The 2024 Mk Decision

Calvin Novandi Manafe, Andri Winjaya Laksana

Abstract


This research aims to analyze and compare the regulation of defamation offenses under the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) and the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) after the 2024 Constitutional Court Decision. The background of this study arises from the increasing number of defamation cases, both in conventional and digital contexts, which have sparked debates between freedom of expression and the protection of individual reputation. The research applies a qualitative method with a normative and empirical descriptive approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with three police officers from Polresta Kupang, field observations, and documentation studies of relevant laws and court rulings. The results indicate that the KUHP focuses on traditional defamation committed through oral or written statements, while the UU ITE regulates online defamation. After the 2024 Constitutional Court Decision, Article 27 paragraph (3) of the ITE Law was reaffirmed to prevent its misuse in restricting freedom of speech. The Court emphasized the importance of context, intent, and social impact in determining criminal liability. Data from the Kupang Police show that in 2025 there were 53 criminal cases, with 21 involving defamation, reflecting the rising public awareness of legal rights. The comparative analysis reveals that the Criminal Code and UU ITE now complement each other, and their harmonization is essential to achieve fair legal certainty in the digital era.


Keywords


Constitutional; Criminal; Electronic; Information.

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DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.30659/rlj.4.4.5411-5431

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