Legal Analysis of Sentence Imposing in Narcotics Cases from The Perspective of Islamic Justice, Religious Values, and Criminal Law (Study of Decision No. 86/Pid.Sus/2025/Pn Skw)

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the judicial considerations underlying the sentencing of the defendant in Decision No. 86/Pid.Sus/2025/PN Singkawang, particularly regarding the application of Article 112 paragraph (2) of Law No. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics, and to assess whether the imposed punishment reflects a sense of justice and adequate protection for society from narcotics-related harms. The primary focus of the research is to examine the defendant's role, the evidentiary fulfillment of the criminal elements, and the relevance of the verdict to modern penal objectives and principles of justice. This research employs a normative juridical method with case, statutory, and conceptual approaches, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of the legal reasoning adopted by the judge and its alignment with criminal law doctrines and substantive justice. Through literature review, case analysis, and theoretical examination, the study evaluates the consistency of the applied legal norms and their relevance within the broader framework of Indonesia's narcotics law enforcement. The findings indicate that the judge imposed a five-year imprisonment sentence and a fine of Rp. 1,000,000,000 proportionally based on the defendant's position as a low-level narcotics distributor, considering the quantity of evidence, the defendant's involvement, and the social harm caused. Mitigating and aggravating factors were weighed fairly, leading to a decision that meets both legal certainty and substantive justice.