Construction of Law Enforcement Regulations for the Placement of Illegal Migrant Workers by Individuals Based on Legal Certainty
Abstract
This study aims to understand and analyze in depth the regulatory construction that governs law enforcement against the practice of placing individual illegal migrant workers, while simultaneously examining the weak points in the applicable legal system. By understanding the configuration of existing norms, this study seeks to provide a comprehensive picture of the extent to which applicable regulations are able to provide fair and effective protection for prospective migrant workers and to analyze the normative legal construction of these regulations. This study uses a normative legal approach method (Normative Legal Research) including legislative, conceptual, and case approaches, using primary regulatory materials in the form of relevant laws and regulations, as well as secondary legal materials in the form of scientific literature and institutional reports. The analysis is conducted descriptively qualitatively using an orientation on the principle of legal certainty. Primary data sources consist of various relevant laws and regulations, while secondary legal materials are obtained from scientific literature, official reports of government agencies, and other academic studies. All data are analyzed descriptively qualitatively based on the principle of legal certainty as guaranteed in Article 28D paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution, in order to assess the functioning of norms in their enforcement practices. The research results show that the law enforcement regulations regarding the placement of illegal migrant workers are still sectoral, have overlapping authorities, and have not been effectively integrated between the PPMI Law, the Law on the Crime of Human Trafficking, and the Immigration Law.This results in ineffective law enforcement mechanisms. Weak inter-agency coordination and the absence of an integrated enforcement mechanism make it difficult to consistently enforce the law. Therefore, regulatory reconstruction is needed that emphasizes harmonization of norms, institutional strengthening, and increased law enforcement to ensure optimal protection for migrant workers, as well as legal certainty in the protection of migrant workers.
Keywords
References
Journals:
Arpanggi. Pelindungan Hukum Terhadap Tenaga Kerja Indonesia di Luar Negeri. Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum, Vol.3, (No.1), (2016).
Aprilianti, F. “Overlapping Regulation dalam Penanganan TPPO di Indonesia.” Jurnal Hukum Khaira Ummah, Unissula, Vol. 12, No. 2 (2017).
Azizah, N. “Koordinasi Antarinstansi dalam Pencegahan Penempatan Pekerja Migran Ilegal.” Jurnal Hukum Humani (Unissula), Vol. 9, No. 2 (2021).
Denny Suwondo, Andri Winjaya Laksana, dan Arpangi Arpangi, “The Building a Legal Culture of Awareness in Nitikan Village, Magetan District”, International Journal of Law Society Services of Unissula artikel yang membahas rendahnya kesadaran hukum di tingkat desa dan implikasinya terhadap kepatuhan hukum masyarakat. Vol. 3 No. 1 (2023).
Devi Pratiwi, Helmina Triputri Hutajulu, Jesslyn Siawira, “Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Penyalahgunaan Penempatan Pekerja Migran Indonesia Tanpa Izin Resmi”, Jurnal Transparansi Hukum, Vol. 04 No. 01. Januari (2021)
Eni Setyowati, “Perlindungan Hukum Pekerja Migran Indonesia dalam Perspektif UU No. 18 Tahun 2017,” Jurnal Hukum dan Pembangunan, Vol. 48, No. 3, (2018).
Gunarto, G., Criminal Law and the Indonesian Criminal Justice System, UNISSULA Press (referensi fakultas/penulis UNISSULA) rujukan umum mengenai budaya kelembagaan dan praktik penegakan hukum di Indonesia. Vol. 20 No.3 (2025).
Hidayat. Pelindungan Hak Tenaga Keja Indonesia Di Taiwan Dan Malaysia Dalam Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia. Jurnal HAM, Vol.8, (No.2), (201&).
Lestari, E. “Perdagangan Orang dan Relevansi Perlindungan HAM dalam Perspektif Pancasila.” Jurnal Hukum Khaira Ummah, Unissula, Vol. 13, No. 1 2018.
Lestari, T. “Problematika Perlindungan Pekerja Migran dalam Perspektif UU No. 18 Tahun 2017.” Jurnal Hukum Khaira Ummah, Unissula, Vol. 13, No. 1 (2018).
Lestari, T. “Sinergi Kelembagaan dalam Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia.” Jurnal Hukum Khaira Ummah (Unissula), Vol. 14, No. 1 (2019).
M. Yusuf Samad et al. Pencegahan dan Penanganan Praktik Pekerja Migran Indonesia Non-Prosedural (PMI-NP) melalui Pendekatan Intelijen Strategis. Jurnal Lemhannas RI, 11(4), (2023).
M. Junaidi & K. Khikmah. Perlindungan Hukum dan Penempatan Pekerja Migran Indonesia di Luar Negeri. Jurnal USM Law Review, 7(1), (2024).
Nurhayati, S. “Hak Asasi Manusia sebagai Hak Kodrati dan Implementasinya dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia.” Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM, Vol. 25, No. 3 (2018).
Putranti, B. Dwi. “Hak Konstitusional Pekerja Migran dalam Perspektif Hukum HAM.” Jurnal Konstitusi, Vol. 16, No. 3 (2019).
Rahma Iria Mayang Anggreini & Anita Herlina. Implementation of Immigration Functions as Immigration Law Enforcement in the Framework of Nonprocedural Indonesian Migrant Workers. Journal of Law and Border Protection, 1(2), (2019).
Sulistyaningsih, T. “Transformasi Perlindungan Pekerja Migran dalam UU No. 18 Tahun 2017.” Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM, Vol. 27, No. 2 (2020).
Widiarto, A. “Martabat Manusia dalam Instrumen Hukum HAM Internasional.” Jurnal Hukum Humani (Unissula), Vol. 9, No. 1 , (2021).
Widiarto, A. “Efektivitas Sanksi Pidana dalam UU PPMI terhadap Pelaku Penempatan Ilegal.” Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM, Vol. 27, No. 3 (2020)
Widiarto, A. “Kendala Penyidikan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang di Indonesia.” Jurnal IUS QUIA IUSTUM, Vol. 27, No. 3 (2020)
“The Implications of Legal Culture in Law Enforcement by Judges on Justice Perspective,” Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), vol. 11, no. 1 (2022).
Yulianita, Rosalinda Chandra. Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Pekerja Migran Indonesia yang Dipekerjakan Tidak Sesuai dengan Perjanjian Penempatan. Jurist- Diction, 4(5), (2021).
Books:
Amiruddin & Zainuddin, 2004. Pengantar Metode penelitian hukum, Raja Grafindo Persada.
Arief, Barda Nawawi, 2012. Bunga Rampai Kebijakan Hukum Pidana. Jakarta: Kencana.
Arifuddin Muda Harahap. 2012. Pengantar Hukum Ketenagakerjaan. Batu: Literasi Nusantara.
Asri Wijayanti. 2009. Hukum Ketenagakerjaan Pasca Reformasi. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
Cst Kansil, 2009. Kamus istilah Hukum, Gramedia Pustaka, Jakarta.
Johnny Ibrahim, 2018. Teori & Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Normatif, Bayumedia, Malang.
Lilik Mulyadi, 2010. Perlindungan Hukum bagi Korban Kejahatan dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana, Jakarta: Djambatan.
Maria Farida Indrati, 2017. Ilmu Perundang-Undangan: Jenis, Fungsi, dan Materi Muatan, Jakarta: Kanisius.
Philipus M. Hadjon, 1987. Perlindungan Hukum bagi Rakyat di Indonesia, Surabaya: Bina Ilmu.
Ronny Hanitijo Soemitro, 2015. Metodologi Penelitian Hukum, Cetakan Kedua, Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia.
Soerjono Soekanto & Sri Mamudji, 2015. Penelitian Hukum Normatif: Suatu Tinjauan Singkat, Rajawali Pers, Jakarta.
Sugiyono, 2019. Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif dan R&D, Alfabeta, Bandung.
Regulation:
Criminal Code, Staatsblad 1915 No. 732.
The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
Law Number: 1 of 1946 concerning Criminal Law.
Law Number: 8 of 1981 concerning Criminal Procedure Law.
Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower
Law Number 16 of 2011 concerning Immigration.
Law on the Protection of Indonesian Migrant Workers, Law No. 18 of 2017, State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia 2017 Number 242.
Etc:
https://www.dpr.go.id/dokakd/dokumen/RJ1-20150921-113032-5531.pdf Accessed on 03 August 2025 at 13:30 wib
BP2MI, Data PMI Nonprosedural Tahun 2022, Direktorat Perlindungan Penempatan, Jakarta, 2023.
BP2MI, Data Penempatan dan Perlindungan PMI Tahun 2024, Jakarta: BP2MI, 2024.
Putusan Pengadilan Negeri Batam No. 587/Pid.Sus/ 2022/PN Btm
Pengadilan Negeri Batam, Putusan Nomor 587/Pid.Sus/2022/PN Btm, 2022
Wawancara terhadap Kanit III Subdit IV Ditreskrimum Polda Kepri, pada tanggal 02 Oktober 2025, pada pukul 09:00 WIB di Polda Kepri.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.30659/rlj.4.4.%25p
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Ratio Legis Journal has been indexed in:
