The Dynamics of Promise in DSN-MUI Fatwa Number 106/DSN-MUI/X/2016 Regarding the Endowment of Insurance Benefits and Investment Benefits in Sharia Life Insurance
Abstract
The differing opinions among Islamic jurists regarding the legal standing of a promise (wa’ad) have led to at least three distinct scholarly views on the matter. In the context of implementing Islamic financial products in Indonesia, the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) has legitimized waqf of insurance benefits through Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 106/DSN-MUI/X/2016 concerning Waqf of Insurance Benefits and Investment Benefits in Islamic Life Insurance. The legal framework of this fatwa is based on the binding nature of a promise in law, as stated in the fatwa’s provisions. According to the fatwa, the designated party receiving insurance benefits is required to make a legally binding promise (wa’d mulzim) to dedicate the insurance benefits as waqf. The legal standing of a binding promise is further supported by Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 85/XII/2012 on promises in Islamic financial and business transactions. DSN-MUI holds that a binding promise (wa’d mulzim) aligns with the third juristic opinion, which asserts that fulfilling a promise is obligatory when the promise is conditional or contingent upon a specific cause. This view is deemed more beneficial (maslahah) and meets the necessary requirements (hajah), particularly in the context of waqf of insurance and Islamic investment benefits. In issuing its fatwas, especially Fatwa DSN-MUI No. 85/XII/2012, the DSN-MUI employs two approaches to legal solutions (makhârij fiqhiyyah): the method of al-taysir al-manhaji (methodological facilitation) and i’âdah al-nadzhar (re-evaluation).
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
‘Audah, J. (2012). Maqâhid al-Syarî’ah ka Falsafah li al-Tasyrî al-Islâmî: Ru’yah Manzhumiyyah. The International Institute of Islamic Thought.
Adam, P. (2017). The Fatwa Position of DSN-MUI in The National Banking System NENI SRI IMANIYATI. Mimbar, 33(1), 141–147. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v33i1.2128
Adam, P. (2021). Fikih Muamalah Kontemporer: Perkembangan Akad-Akad dalam Hukum Ekonomi Syariah. Intelegensia Media.
Adam, P., & Putra, A. (2024). Implementation of I ’ Adah al- Nadzar in The DSN-MUI Fatwa on Kafalah bil Ujrah. 6(1), 80–105.
Agus, P. A. (2018). Konsep Wa’Ad Dan Implementasinya Dalam Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional-Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Amwaluna: Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Keuangan Syariah, 2(2), 76–95. https://doi.org/10.29313/amwaluna.v2i2.3800
Al-‘Amuri, M. F. A. (n.d.). al-W’ad al-Mulzim fȋ Shȋghah al-Tamwȋl al-Mashrafi al-Islâmȋ. Universitas Yarmuk.
Al-Bar, I. A. (1968). al-Tamhȋd limâ fȋ al-Muwathâ Min al-Ma’ânȋ wa al-Asânid. Kementerian Umum Persoalan Wakaf dan Agama.
Al-Bukhari. (2008). Shahȋh al-Bukhârȋ. Dar al-Hadits.
Al-Khamis, S. I. S. (2018). al-Ijârah al-Thawȋlah wa al-Muntahiyyah bi al Tamlȋk fȋ al-Fiqh al-Islâmȋ. Dâr Kunȗz Isybilyâ.
Al-Qaradhâwȋ, Y. (1995). Bai’ al-Murâbahah li al-âmir bi al-Syirâ Kamâ Tajriyyah al-Mashârif al-Islâmiyyah: Dirâsah fȋ Dhaw al-Nushȗsh wa al-Qawâ’id al-Syar’iyyah,. Maktabah Wahbah.
Al-Quruthi, K. I. ‘Ali I. A. (2018). al-Wa’ad wa Tathbȋqâtuhu fȋ al-Mu’âmalât al-Mâliyyah al-Mashrifiyyah al-Islâmiyyah al-Mu’âshirah. Dâr Kunȗz Isybilyâ.
Al-Sulami, ‘Iyadh Ibn Nami Ibn ‘Iwadh. (2005). Ushûl al-Fiqh Alladzî Lâ Yasa’u al-Faqîh Jahlahu. Dâr al-Tadmiriyyah.
Al-Syaukani, M. I. A. I. M. (n.d.). al-Qaul al-Mufîd Fî Adillah al-Ijtihâd wa al-Talqîd. Dar al-Qalam.
Al-Thabrani. (n.d.). al-Mu’jam al-Ausath. Dar al-Haramain,.
al-Zarqa. (2012). Syarh al-Qawâ’id al-Fiqhiyyah. Dâr al-Qalam.
Alam, A., & Hidayati, S. (2020). Akad dan Kesesuaian Fitur Wakaf Produk Asuransi Jiwa Syariah [Contracts and Compatibility of Waqf Features for Sharia Life Insurance Products]. Equilibrium: Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah, 8(1), 109. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/equilibrium.v8i1.7223
Cecep Soleh Kurniawan, & Hajah Mas Nooraini binti Haji Mohiddin. (2021). الوعد وأثره في المعاملات المالية: المشاركة المتناقصة نموذجا. IEco | Islamic Economics Journal, 1(1), 101–134. https://doi.org/10.59202/ieco.v1i1.392
Gayo, A. A., & Taufik, Irawan, A. (2009). Perkembangan Bisnis Perbankan Syariah (Hukum Perspektif Perbankan Syariah). Rechtsvinding, I(1), 257–275. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.33331/rechtsvinding.v1i2.100
Hamdan, R. (2012). Fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia Dalam Perspektif Hukum Dan Perundang-Undangan. Puslitbang Lektur Dan Khazanah Keagamaan Balitbang Dan Diklat Kemenag.
Harahap, A. M. dan N. K. H. (2023). WAKAF POLIS DAN SISTEM INVESTASI ASURANSI SYARIAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM. Yurisprudentia: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi, 9(2). https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.24952/yurisprudentia.v9i2.9824
Hasanah, T. (2017). Transformasi Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Ke Dalam Hukum Positif. Syariah Jurnal Hukum Dan Pemikiran, 16(2), 161. https://doi.org/10.18592/sy.v16i2.1022
Hasanudin. (2024). Metodologi Istinbath Dalam Penerbitan Fatwa DSN-MUI. Hasanudin, Metodologi Istinbath Dalam Penerbitan Fatwa DSN-MUI (Bandung: Pusat RISKALIKBANG Fatwa DSN-MUI dan Simbiosa Rekatama Media.
Ibn Qayyim. (1991). I’lâm al-Muwaqqi’ȋn ‘An Rabb al-‘Âlamȋn. Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Maksum, M. (2017). Hukum Perwakafan Kontemporer Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif. Serang: A-Empat.
Muayyad, M. N. H. dan D. M. (2014). Tinjauan Hukum Islam terhadap Janji (Wa’ad) Di Perankan Syari’ah. ALQALAM, 31(1), 26.
Mubarok, J., & Hasanudin. (2012). Teori Al-Wa’d dam Implementasinya dalam Regulasi Bisnis Syariah. Ahkam, XII, 81–88. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/12396-ID-implementasi-al-wad-dalam-bisnis-syariah.pdf
Muflih, I. (2003). al-Furȗ wa Ma’ahu Tashhȋh al-Furȗ. Muasasah al-Risâlah.
Muhammad Musthafa al-Zuhaili. (2006). Al-Qawâ’id al-Fiqhiyyah wa Tathbȋqâtuhâ ‘Alâ al-Madzâhib al-Arba’ah. Dar al-Fikr.
Nor, A. M., Ibrahim, S. N., & Daud, S. (2020). Recovery Issues on Murabahah Financing in Malaysia. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 10(4), 304–317. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v10-i4/7132
Qo’imanuddin, M. A. S. dan L. (2020). Asuransi Syariah Di Indonesia: telaah Teologis, Historis, Sosiologis, Yuridis, Dan Futuristis. Amzah.
Sembiring, P., Umar, M., & Zen, M. (2022). Implementasi Maqashid Syariah Dalam Fitur Wakaf Manfaat Polis Asuransi Syariah. Jurnal Manajemen Dakwah, 9(1), 133–172. https://doi.org/10.15408/jmd.v1i1.24040
Taimiyyah, A. (n.d.). al-Muswaddah Fî Ushûl al-Fiqh. Dar al-Kitab al-‘Arabi.
Wardhana, A. K. (2024). JANJI (WA’AD) SEBAGAI JARING PENGAMAN PADA TRANSAKSI KEUANGAN DAN BISNIS SYARIAH. Dirasat Islamiyah, 11(2), 271–291. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37397/almajaalis.v9i2.204
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/ldj.8.2.822-841
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Law Development Journal has been indexed by:
Editorial Office: RUMAH JURNAL FH UNISSULA (RJFHU) 2nd Floor, Faculty of Law Universitas Islam Sultan Agung. Jln. Kaligawe KM. 4, Semarang City, Central Java, Indonesia.
Email: ldj@unissula.ac.id
LAW DEVELOPMENT JOURNAL (eISSN : 2747-2604), This work is licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).