Validity of Authentic Deeds for Cryptocurrency Transactions in Indonesia

Fadhil Muhammad Rafi

Abstract


The rapid development of information and communication technology has given rise to cryptocurrency as a decentralized, blockchain-based digital financial instrument. In Indonesia, the adoption of crypto assets has grown very rapidly, yet this growth has not been matched by adequate legal clarity, raising questions about the validity of authentic deeds as an evidentiary instrument in cryptocurrency transactions. This article aims to analyze the implementation of authentic deed-making for cryptocurrency transactions and the resolution mechanisms for the juridical and technical obstacles involved. The research employs a normative juridical method with a statutory and conceptual approach, supported by a literature study of relevant laws, regulations, academic literature, and court decisions. The findings show that although cryptocurrency has not been recognized as a legitimate means of payment, its status as intangible movable property opens the possibility for notaries to draw up authentic deeds as long as the formal and material requirements of the Notary Position Law are met. The main obstacles include the duality of regulation, a legal vacuum (rechtsvacuum), difficulties in verifying ownership due to the pseudonymous nature of blockchain, and the limited technological competence of notaries. The recommended resolution mechanism is multidimensional, covering the harmonization of cross-institutional regulations, the drafting of technical guidelines and standard operating procedures for crypto-asset deeds, improving notaries' competence through education and certification, the use of digital verification technology, and strengthening nonlitigation dispute resolution channels. Through these measures, authentic deeds can be optimally utilized as evidence that provides legal certainty for parties in cryptocurrency transactions in Indonesia.


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References


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