State Responsibility for the Protection of Women and Children in Indonesia

Carrel Ticualu

Abstract


The purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the state's responsibility for the protection of women and children, as well as the challenges and opportunities in protecting women and children. This research uses a normative legal approach. The results show that although various legal efforts have been made to protect women and children, many challenges remain. Some of these challenges include a lack of awareness, social stigma, lack of access to the justice system, and a lack of resources to effectively enforce the law. Therefore, the protection of women and children from a legal perspective must be continuously improved and strengthened to achieve true justice and equality.

Keywords


Human Rights, Legal Studies

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References


Journals:

Andi Lala, Eman Suparman, Amin Purnawan, Abdullah Khudori, Sexual Violence Against Women In The View Of Legal And Human Rights In Indonesia, International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Science, Vol. 4 No, 2, 2023;

Anis Mashdurohatun, Constructing And Developing The Social Function Principlesin Utilising Copyright Products Related To The Fundamental Rights, South East Asia Journal of Contemporary Business, Economics and Law, Vol. 7, Issue 4 (Aug.), 2015;

Anis Mashdurohatun, Ferry Susanto Limbong, Legal Protection of Trademarks Based on the Justice Value, International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change. Volume 12, Issue 12, 2020;

Anis Mashdurohatun, Hayyan Ul Haq, Sony Zulhuda, Social Function Reconstruction Of Intellectual Property Rights (Ipr), Based On Justice Values, International Journal of Law Reconstruction, Volume I, Issue 1, September 2017;

Bambang Tri Bawono, Devita Mesayu, Anis Mashdurohatun, Legal Reconstruction of Women's Empowerment Government Policies in Realizing Gender Equality, Scholars International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, , Vol. 6, Issue 3, 2023;

Dermawan, Ari. “Peran Dinas P2kbp3 Kabupaten Asahan Dalam Memberikan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan Dan Anak The.” Doktrina : Journal Of Law, Vol. 2, No. 3, 2019;

Elviandri, Khuzdaifah Dimyati, dan Absori, Quo Vadis Negara Kesejahteraan: Meneguhkan Ideologi Welfare State Negara Hukum Kesejahteraan Indonesia, Mimbar Hukum, Vol. 31, No. 2, 2019;

Fatahillah, Pertanggung Jawaban Negara Terhadap Tindak Pidanainternasional, Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Reusam, Vol. 9 No. 2, 2021;

Lindri Purbowati, Legal Policy in Handling Domestic Violence: The Role of Protection and Legal Institutions, Journal of Comprehensive Science, Vol. 3. No. 11 November 2024;

Muhammad Burhanuddin, Dewi Hertiningsih, Sabri Noor Herman. Mining Industry Activities Related To Mining Management Issues. The 2nd International Conference And Call Paper, Vol 1, No 1, 2020;

Nadine Rayna Salsabila, Isharyanto, Analisis Tanggung Jawab Negara dalam Perlindungan Anak Korban Konflik Sosial dari Perspektif Hukum Nasional, Res Publica Vol. 6 No. 2, 2022;

Prianter Jaya Hairi, Marfuatul Latifa, Implementasi Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual, Negara Hukum, Vol. 14, No. 2, 2023;

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Violeta Elenabella, Friderikus Nopeli Giawa, Peran Konstitusi Dalam Menjamin Hak Dan Kewajiban Warga Negara Di Indonesia, Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA), Vol. 3, No. 6, 2025;

Zulfiani, Dini. Indrawati, Oktavianus Kondorura, And Meuthia Sahda Af. “Penanganan Kekerasan Terhadap Perempuan Dan Anak Di Provinsi Kalimantan Timur.” Jurnal Administrative Reform, Vol. 6, No. 3, 2018

Books:

Mukti Fajar ND and Yulianto Achmad, Dualism of Normative and Empirical Legal Research, Student Library, Yogyakarta, 2010;

Ronny Hanitijo Soemitro, Legal and Jurimetric Research Methodology, Ghalia Indonesia, Jakarta, 1990;

Internet:

https://jateng.suara.com/read/2026/05/02/160301/duh-dugaan-kekerasan-seksual-oknum-kiai-di-pati-korban-capai-50-orang#:~:text=Oknum%20pengasuh%20pondok%20pesantren%20di%20Tlogowungu%2C%20Pati%2C%20diduga,puluhan%20santriwati%20melakukan%20tindakan%20asusila%20di%20lingkungan%20sekolah. Accessed on 14 Juli 2026

https://jateng.suara.com/read/2026/05/02/160301/duh-dugaan-kekerasan-seksual-oknum-kiai-di-pati-korban-capai-50-orang#:~:text=Oknum%20pengasuh%20pondok%20pesantren%20di%20Tlogowungu%2C%20Pati%2C%20diduga,puluhan%20santriwati%20melakukan%20tindakan%20asusila%20di%20lingkungan%20sekolah. Accessed on 14 Juli 2026

https://kekerasan.kemenpppa.go.id/ringkasan Accessed on 14 Juli 2026

https://www.kpai.go.id/laporan/laporan-akhir-tahun-2024-kpai-penguatan-pengawasan-dan-perlindungan-anak-di-indonesiia Accessed on 14 Juli 2026

Regulation:

Law Number 12 of 2022 concerning Sexual Violence Crimes,

Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 23 of 2002 concerning Child Protection,

Law Number 7 of 1984 concerning the Ratification of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women.

The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia,


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ISSN: 2986-4089