Harmonization of Extradition Regulations and Asset Tracing of Human Trafficking Proceeds in the Asean Region

Abstract

Trafficking in Persons (TIP) remains one of the most pervasive and profitable forms of transnational organized crime in Southeast Asia. The transnational nature of this crime enables perpetrators to exploit legal disparities among ASEAN member states, particularly in relation to extradition procedures and the recovery of criminal assets. This article examines the urgency of harmonizing extradition regulations and asset tracing mechanisms within the ASEAN region as strategic tools for combating human trafficking syndicates. Employing a normative legal research method, the study analyzes international legal instruments, regional agreements, and relevant domestic legislation governing extradition and asset recovery. The findings reveal three major challenges: the absence of a comprehensive ASEAN Extradition Treaty, legal and procedural obstacles in cross-border asset tracing and confiscation, and the lack of uniform legal standards among ASEAN member states. The study argues that effective suppression of human trafficking requires stronger regional legal integration through the harmonization of extradition frameworks, enhanced cooperation among Financial Intelligence Units (FIUs), and the strengthening of the ASEAN Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty (MLAT). Such measures would facilitate the apprehension of offenders, accelerate cross-border asset recovery, and support victim restitution. Ultimately, a coherent and coordinated regional legal framework is essential to ensure that traffickers cannot evade justice or retain the proceeds of their crimes within ASEAN jurisdictions.