Transnational Challenges in Maritime Law Enforcement Against Human Trafficking at Sea

Abstract

Human trafficking within the maritime sector poses unique jurisdictional and operational challenges due to the isolated nature of the high seas. This paper investigates the complexities of maritime law enforcement and the protection mechanisms available for trafficked individuals at sea. Through qualitative normative legal research, including a review of international conventions and regional maritime policies, the study maps jurisdictional overlapping and enforcement gaps. The analysis demonstrates that the lack of unified transnational cooperation severely hinders effective prosecution and victim rescue operations. Ultimately, the paper proposes a collaborative regional framework to strengthen maritime border security and harmonize international legal responses against sea-based human trafficking.