Metode Emo Demi dan Media Poster Meningkatkan Kesehatan Ibu Menyusui dan Bayi di Kelurahan Mojo, Surakarta

M. Nur Dewi Kartikasari, Hardiningsih Hardiningsih, Emma Anastya Puriastuti

Abstract


Pemberian ASI eksklusif merupakan intervensi paling efektif dalam menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian bayi, namun cakupan di beberapa wilayah termasuk Kelurahan Mojo, Pasarkliwon, Surakarta, masih rendah akibat keterbatasan pengetahuan ibu dan pengaruh sosial budaya. Tim pengabdian masyarakat memberikan edukasi melalui media poster agar pengetahuan dan sikap ibu tentang ASI eksklusif meningkat. Metode pelaksanaan meliputi tiga tahap, yaitu persiapan (analisis situasi, penyusunan materi, dan validasi media), pelaksanaan (penyuluhan interaktif dan demonstrasi menyusui dengan media poster), dan evaluasi (pengukuran pengetahuan pre–post serta umpan balik peserta). Peserta kegiatan meliputi ibu hamil trimester III, ibu menyusui dan kader Kesehatan di Posyandu Kelurahan Mojo sekitar 30 orang. Hasil menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata skor pengetahuan sekitar 40% setelah edukasi, dengan peningkatan terbesar pada aspek teknik menyusui dan faktor yang memengaruhi produksi ASI sebesar 43,1%. Media poster terbukti efektif memperjelas pesan kesehatan dan meningkatkan efikasi diri ibu dalam praktik menyusui. Selain itu, kegiatan ini juga meningkatkan peran kader sebagai agen promosi Kesehatan dalam keberlanjutan program ASI eksklusif. Temuan ini mengimplikasikan perlunya pengembangan model edukasi multimodal berbasis teori perilaku untuk meningkatkan cakupan ASI eksklusif di tingkat komunitas.

Exclusive breastfeeding is the most effective intervention in reducing infant morbidity and mortality rates, but coverage in several areas, including Mojo Village, Pasarkliwon, Surakarta, remains low due to limited knowledge among mothers and socio-cultural influences. The community service team provided education through posters to increase mothers' knowledge and attitudes about exclusive breastfeeding. The implementation method consisted of three stages, namely preparation (situation analysis, material preparation, and media validation), implementation (interactive counselling and breastfeeding demonstrations using posters), and evaluation (pre-post knowledge measurement and participant feedback). Participants included approximately 30 women in their third trimester of pregnancy, breastfeeding mothers, and health cadres at the Mojo Village Health Centre. Results showed an average increase in knowledge scores of around 40% after education, with the largest increase in breastfeeding techniques and factors affecting breast milk production at 43.1%. Posters proved effective at clarifying health messages and increasing mothers' self-efficacy in breastfeeding. In addition, this activity increased the role of cadres as health promotion agents in sustaining the exclusive breastfeeding programme. These findings imply the need to develop a multimodal education model grounded in behavioural theory to increase exclusive breastfeeding coverage at the community level.


Keywords


ASI eksklusif; ibu hamil dan menyusui; media poster, pendidikan kesehatan

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/abdimasku.5.1.45-54

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