Faktor berpengaruh, tantangan, dan kebutuhan guru di sekolah inklusi di Kota Semarang
Abstract
Fakta bahwa isu global tentang pendidikan inklusi untuk anak berkebutuhan khusus sedang mengalami perubahan revolusioner. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian investigasi berbasis survey dengan tujuan untuk (1) menemukan tantangan yang dialami guru di kelas inklusi untuk anak berkebutuhan khusus, (2) menyelidiki faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusi, dan (3) mendeskripsikan kebutuhan pelatihan guru yang mendukung pembelajaran di kelas inklusi. Populasi penelitian sebanyak 18 sekolah dasar inklusi di kota Semarang. Melalui teknik purposive sampling diperoleh 5 sekolah dasar inklusi. Responden terdiri dari 20 guru, dan 5 kepala sekolah. Metode pengumpulan data melalui angket dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data melalui analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menemukan beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusi, diantaranya: faktor sikap guru, pengetahuan guru tentang pendidikan inklusi, komunikasi dan interaksi guru dan siswa, dan infrastruktur yang memadai. Tantangan yang dihadapi guru dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusi meliputi: (1) tingkat keparahan dan jenis kecacatan siswa (35%), (2) membuat kegiatan yang melibatkan semua siswa (20%), (3) tidak memiliki cukup guru pembantu untuk mengatasi rencana pelajaran individual, (4) membutuhkan banyak waktu dan kontrol kelas menjadi sulit (10%), dan (5) menghadapi tuntutan orang tua dari siswa (10%). Sedangkan kebutuhan guru adalah pelatihan untuk memodifikasi kurikulum, pelatihan khusus untuk siswa di kelas inklusi, dan pelatihan pengajaran kolaboratif.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/pendas.10.1.12-23
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