Insights from the indonesian family life survey, fifth wave: Job demands-resources profiles and their links to mental health
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30659/jp.21.2.303-329Keywords:
job demands-resources, latent class analysis, depressive symptoms, life satisfaction, indonesian family life surveyAbstract
The Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) model explains how job demands and job resources shape workers' psychological well-being through a health impairment process and a motivational process. JD-R research in Indonesia has largely relied on variable-centered approaches, which assume additive and uniform effects of demands and resources, overlooking how these factors combine differently across individuals. This study identified latent worker profiles based on five JD-R indicators (wage adequacy, working hours, employment status, number of jobs, and social security) and examined their links to depressive symptoms and life satisfaction, using data from the fifth wave of the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS-5), with a final sample of 2,023 formal-sector workers. Latent class analysis identified three profiles: Fully Resourced (29.3%), Adequate but Contract-Vulnerable (47.6%), and Under-Resourced (23.1%), consistently distinguished by job resources rather than job demands. Membership in both the low-resource and high-resource profiles was significantly associated with depressive symptoms, whereas only the most fully resourced profile was associated with higher life satisfaction. These findings indicate that job resources have a direct and differentiated effect on mental health, suggesting that labor policy should consider the configuration of job resources holistically.
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