Effect of Stearic Acid and Cetyl Alcohol Concentration Variations on the Physical Characteristics of Face Scrub Formulations Containing Gelatik Clam Shell (Anadara pilula) Powder

Adeltrudis Adelsa Danimayostu, Anisyah Achmad, Taufiq Ismail, Oktavia Rahayu Adianingsih, Nanda Intan Aulia, Martina Dini Dwi Rahmawati, Sabita Nur Khofifah, Widya Nafisha Maharani

Abstract


The increasing consumption of seafood has led to the accumulation of waste by-products. In Indonesia, clam shell waste is estimated to reach about 70% of the total weight, indicating that shell waste represents a significant environmental concern. Gelatik clam (Anadara pilula) shells, rich in calcium carbonate, offer potential as natural exfoliating agents derived from fishery by-products. Face scrub exfoliation efficiently removes dead skin cells and enhances skin texture. This study aims to analyze the effects of stearic acid and cetyl alcohol concentration - as stiffening agents - on its physicochemical characteristics. There are 4 formulas with different levels of stearic acid and cetyl alcohol, they are 8% and 4% (F1), 8% and 6% (F2), 10% and 4% (F3), 10% and 6% (F4). The face scrub was prepared using an overhead stirring method. The evaluation of physicochemical characteristics included organoleptic, pH value, viscosity, spreadability, and adhesiveness. The formulated face scrub was semisolid, white, odorless, and had pH value range of 7.36 - 7.5. F1 demonstrated the optimal physical properties, including a viscosity of 66333.33 ± 3214.55 cP, a spreadability of 0.083 ± 0.006 cm2, and an adhesiveness of 17.333 ± 0.577 s. These results suggest that Gelatik clam shell powder is a promising and sustainable ingredient for face scrub formulations.


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