Disaster Prone Areas and Stunting Prevalence in Indonesia: Ecological Study of 34 Provinces

Endah Febri Lestari*  -  Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
Mondastri Korib Sudaryo  -  Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia, Indonesia

(*) Corresponding Author
DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v14i1.30466
Indonesia has a high intensity of disaster events. The prevalence of under-five stunting in Indonesia is also high. One of the targets of the Ministry of Health's Medium-Term Development Plan for 2020-2024 is to reduce stunting in children by 14% in 2024. This study aims to look at the relationship between disaster risk and the prevalence of stunting in 34 provinces in Indonesia. The study design is an ecological study approach sourced from the 2021 Indonesian Disaster Risk Index (IRBI), the 2021 Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (SSGI), the 2018 Basic Health Research and the 2021 National Socioeconomic Survey (Susenas). This study conducted a spatial analysis, scatter plots, pearson correlation test and multivariable linear regression. From the results, it found that the higher risk of disaster increased the tendency for the prevalence of under-five stunting. It was concluded that disaster risk has a positive relationship with the prevalence of under-five stunting in Indonesia. We suggest that a disaster management program can be considered to reduce stunting in Indonesia.

Keywords: Stunting; Disaster; Ecological study; Province; Indonesia

  1. Arnold, E. P. (1986). Earthquake Hazard Mitigation Programme in Southeast Asia.
  2. Atanga, R. A., & Tankpa, V. (2021). Climate change, flood disaster risk and food security Nexus in Northern Ghana. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 5, 706721.
  3. Badan Pusat Statistik. (2023, March 2). Kemiskinan dan Ketimpangan. Retrieved March 2, 2023, from https://www.bps.go.id/subject/23/kemiskinan-dan-ketimpangan.html#subjekViewTab2
  4. Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. (2023, February 23). Kemiskinan. Retrieved February 23, 2023, from https://sulut.bps.go.id/subject/23/kemiskinan.html
  5. Bartlett, S. (2008). Climate change and urban children: impacts and implications for adaptation in low-and middle-income countries. Environment and Urbanization, 20(2), 501–519.
  6. BNPB. (2022a). Indeks Risiko Bencana Indonesia Tahun 2021 (R. Yunus, Ed.). Jakarta: Pusat Data, Informasi dan Komunikasi Kebencanaan BNPB.
  7. BNPB. (2022b). Indeks Risiko Bencana Indonesia Tahun 2021 (R. Yunus, Ed.). Jakarta: Pusat Data, Informasi dan Komunikasi Kebencanaan BNPB.
  8. BNPB. (2022c, February 17). BNPB Verifikasi 5.402 Kejadian Bencana Sepanjang Tahun 2021. Retrieved December 21, 2022, from Badan Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana website: https://bnpb.go.id/berita/bnpb-verifikasi-5-402-kejadian-bencana-sepanjang-tahun-2021
  9. Datar, A., Liu, J., Linnemayr, S., & Stecher, C. (2013). The impact of natural disasters on child health and investments in rural India. Social Science & Medicine, 76(1), 83–91. doi: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2012.10.008
  10. Edwards, B., Gray, M., & Borja, J. B. (2020). The Impact of Natural Disasters on Violence, Mental Health, Food Insecurity, and Stunting in the Philippines: Findings from the Longitudinal Cohort Study on the Filipino Child. SSRN Electronic Journal. doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3520059
  11. EM-DAT. (2022, January 30). The International Disaster Databasse. Retrieved January 30, 2023, from https://www.emdat.be/publications
  12. Gaire, S., Delbiso, T. D., Pandey, S., & Guha-Sapir, D. (2016). Impact of disasters on child stunting in Nepal. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 9, 113–127. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S101124
  13. Hastono, S. P. (2016). Analisis Data Pada Bidang Kesehatan. Depok: Rajawali Pers.
  14. Kementerian Kesehatan. (2018). Laporan Nasional Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta. Retrieved from https://labmandat.litbang.kemkes.go.id/images/download/laporan/RKD/2018/Laporan_Nasional_RKD2018_FINAL.pdf
  15. Kementerian Kesehatan. (2020a). Indikator Program Kesehatan Masyarakat dalam RPJMN dan Renstra Kemenkes Tahun 2020-2024. Retrieved from https://e-renggar.kemkes.go.id/file_performance/1-416151-01-3tahunan-835.pdf
  16. Kementerian Kesehatan. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan RI No.2 Tahun 2020 Tentang Antopometri Anak. , (2020). Indonesia.
  17. Kementerian Kesehatan. (2021). Buku Saku Hasil Studi Status Gizi Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.badankebijakan.kemkes.go.id/buku-saku-hasil-survei-status-gizi-indonesia-ssgi-tahun-2022/
  18. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2018). Laporan Nasional Riskesdas 2018. Jakarta. Retrieved from https://labmandat.litbang.kemkes.go.id/images/download/laporan/RKD/2018/Laporan_Nasional_RKD2018_FINAL.pdf
  19. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. (2021). Buku Saku Hasil Studi Status Gizi Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.badankebijakan.kemkes.go.id/buku-saku-hasil-survei-status-gizi-indonesia-ssgi-tahun-2022/
  20. Murray, V. (2014). Disaster Risk Reduction, Health, and the Post-2015 United Nations Landmark Agreements. Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness, 8(4), 283–287. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2014.75
  21. Schwartz, S. (1994). The fallacy of the ecological fallacy: the potential misuse of a concept and the consequences. American Journal of Public Health, 84(5), 819–824. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.84.5.819
  22. Skoufias, E. (2003). Economic crises and natural disasters: Coping strategies and policy implications. World Development, 31(7), 1087–1102. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(03)00069-X
  23. Tiwari, R., Ausman, L. M., & Agho, K. E. (2014). Determinants of stunting and severe stunting among under-fives: evidence from the 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey. BMC Pediatrics, 14(1), 239. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-14-239
  24. Tumenggung, I. (2017). Masalah Gizi dan Penyakit Menular Pasca Bencana. In Health and Nutritions Journal. JHN. Retrieved from JHN website: http://download.garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/article.php?article=1295268&val=17414&title=MASALAH%20GIZI%20DAN%20PENYAKIT%20MENULAR%20PASCA%20BENCANA
  25. UNDRR. (2023, February 2). Understanding Disaster Risk. Retrieved February 2, 2023, from https://www.preventionweb.net/understanding-disaster-risk/component-risk/hazard
  26. WHO. (2017, December 21). Stunted, Growth and Development: Context, Causes and Consequences. Retrieved December 21, 2022, from https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/nutritionlibrary/healthy-growth-project/childhood_stunting_framework_leaflet_en.pdf?sfvrsn=ee830a03_4&download=true
  27. WHO. (2022, December 21). Childhood Stunting: Context, Causes and Consequences. Retrieved December 21, 2022, from https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/childhood-stunting-context-causes-and-consequences-framework
  28. World Health Organization. (2017, December 21). Stunted, Growth and Development: Context, Causes and Consequences. Retrieved December 21, 2022, from https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/nutritionlibrary/healthy-growth-project/childhood_stunting_framework_leaflet_en.pdf?sfvrsn=ee830a03_4&download=true
  29. World Health Organization. (2021). Levels and trends in child malnutrition: UNICEF. Retrieved from https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/341135/9789240025257-eng.pdf?sequence=1
  30. World Health Organization. (2022, December 21). Child growth. Retrieved December 21, 2022, from https://www.who.int/health-topics/child-growth#tab=tab_1

Open Access Copyright (c) 2023 Sains Medika : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
is published by Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang, Indonesia.
Jl. Raya Kaligawe Km.4, PO BOX 1054/SM Semarang 50112
Website: https://fkunissula.ac.id/
Email: sainsmedika@unissula.ac.idsainsmedika@unissula.ac.id

ISSN: 2339-093X (Online) | 2085-1545 (Print)
DOI : 10.30659/sainsmed

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Get a feed by atom here, RRS2 here and OAI Links here

apps