The Role of The Police in Law Enforcement of Mineral and Coal Crimes Based on Legal Certainty (Case Study of The North Kalimantan Regional Police)

Authors

  • Muhammad Naufal Aji Pratama Sultan Agung Islamic University image/svg+xml

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30659/rlj.5.3.3908-3920

Keywords:

Illegal Mining, Law Enforcement, Legal Certainty, Minerals and Coal, Police.

Abstract

Illegal mining activities remain a problem in law enforcement of mineral and coal crimes in North Kalimantan Province, particularly gold mining in Sekatak District, Bulungan Regency. These activities not only violate mining licensing provisions but also create social, economic, security, and environmental issues. Furthermore, the police face difficult-to-reach geographical conditions, limited personnel and operational facilities, and low public legal awareness. Based on these issues, this study aims to analyze the role of the police, obstacles to law enforcement, and the role of the police in enforcing mineral and coal crimes based on legal certainty. This research employs an empirical juridical method with a legislative, conceptual, and comparative approach. Data were obtained through interviews and a study of laws and regulations, books, journals, and documents related to the handling of mining crimes. The analysis utilizes the Theory of Authority, Soerjono Soekanto's Theory of Legal Effectiveness, and Gustav Radbruch's Theory of Legal Certainty. The study also compares mining law enforcement between Indonesia and the Philippines. The research results show that the North Kalimantan Regional Police have implemented law enforcement through investigations, prosecutions, prosecutions, and cross-sectoral coordination. However, its effectiveness is still hampered by legal factors, limited personnel and facilities, geographical conditions, low legal awareness, and the culture of illegal mining that has developed in society. Law enforcement based on legal certainty requires strengthening the capacity of investigators, operational facilities, inter-agency coordination, and a preventive approach and community empowerment. The Philippines' experience with multi-agency enforcement and the formalization of small-scale mining can provide lessons for Indonesia.

Author Biography

  • Muhammad Naufal Aji Pratama, Sultan Agung Islamic University
    Student

References

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Published

2026-09-18

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 3 (2026): September 2026

Section

Articles

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