legal Analysis of Criminal Responsibility of Perpetrators of Assault Due to Forced Defense (Noodweer) (Decision Study Number: 938 K/Pid/2022)
Abstract
Abuse is a criminal act against the body that can cause physical suffering, injury, and even death. In practice, legal issues become complex when acts of abuse are committed in a state of forced defense (noodweer), because on the one hand the act fulfills the elements of a crime, but on the other hand it is carried out to defend protected legal interests. This study aims to analyze the criminal liability of perpetrators of criminal acts of abuse committed in a state of forced defense, as well as examine the application of the provisions of Article 49 of the Criminal Code and its provisions in the new Criminal Code (Law Number 1 of 2023). This study uses a normative legal research method with a normative juridical approach, which includes both a statutory and a conceptual approach. The data used is secondary data obtained through literature review, examining laws and regulations, books, and various other sources relevant to the problem under study. The results of the study show that the defense of necessity as regulated in Article 49 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code is a justification that eliminates the unlawful nature of the act, while the defense of excessive necessity is a forgiving reason that eliminates the perpetrator's guilt. The provisions in the new Criminal Code basically maintain this substance with a more systematic formulation to guarantee legal certainty and justice
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/rlj.5.3.3957-3974
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