Analysis Of Criminal Responsibility Of Perpetrators Of Airsoft Gun Abuse Based On Legal Certainty

Ali Mashuri, Andri Winjaya Laksana

Abstract


Ownership of Air softguns must have a permit and only be used for sports, not for other purposes, the intention is that Air softguns are not misused to commit crimes. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the responsibility of perpetrators of criminal acts of owning, carrying, storing and controlling air softguns based on legal certainty. to determine and analyze the factors that influence the determination of guilt and punishment, in the use, permits, specifications of air softguns, and the conditions when they are found. The approach used in this research is normative juridical or library legal research or doctrinal legal research, namely legal research by examining library materials and secondary materials. Airsoft gun is a recreational shooting sport with replica non-lethal weapons that has developed in Indonesia since 1999 through a community under PERBAKIN, different from air guns/air weapons because air guns shoot lead pellets for hunting/competition while airsoft guns use plastic bullets for competition, simulation, and recreation, but its similarity to firearms makes it easy to misuse as a means of intimidation in various crimes and trigger unrest. Although there are already licensing and restriction regulations through Perkap 8/2012, Perkap 5/2018, and now Perpol 1/2022 (permit from the Regional Police Chief, validity of one year, use is limited to training/competition locations), these regulations basically only contain administrative sanctions so that there are no specific criminal sanctions for misuse of airsoft guns. Due to this gap, law enforcement often relies on general/sectoral articles such as the Criminal Code and Emergency Law 12/1951 as well as discretion, which creates ambiguity because airsoft guns are essentially replicas but the imposition of sanctions often refers to the firearms regime. Determination of guilt and punishment is then greatly influenced by the purpose of use, the existence of a permit, specifications and modifications, type of ammunition, place-time found, method of carrying/storing, the perpetrator's attitude, history of violations, connection with other crimes, the presence of victims, impact on order, and the route of acquisition, while from the behavioral side, abuse can be triggered by aggression, the urge to dominate, desensitization to violence, low awareness of consequences, and environmental influences, so that a consistent response from the authorities is needed as well as user compliance with safety rules and arena restrictions.


Keywords


Airsoft Gun; Liability; Misuse.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Journals:

Antonius Daniswara dan S.P Honggowidjaja, “Aplikasi Konsep Contemporer Pada Pusat Informasi Airsoft Gun”, Jurnal Intra Vol.2 No.2, 2014,

Ardiansyah Dharma Juliya, Sri Afriani Riana, Wulandari Ananto. “Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Bagi Pelaku Tindak Pidana Penyalahgunaan Kepemilikan Airsoft Gun Di Lingkungan Masyarakat Sipil.” Majalah Keadilan 23, No. 2 (2023):

Arqon, Mohammad, Fitri Handayani, Nessie Gusriyani, Fuji Cantika, Bunga Meisy Astrisia, Elsa Sapitri, Siti Alisa, and Rona Roveria. "Konsep Pertanggungjawaban Pidana pada Korporasi dalam Kasus Tata Kelola Minyak Mentah dan Produk Kilang PT. Pertamina: Dalam Perspektif Pasal 2 UU Tipikor." Adagium: Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 4, no. 1 (2026):

Avredo, Muhammad, and Shelly Kurniawan. "Pengawasan kepemilikan senjata jenis air gun dan airsoft gun di indonesia: Perspektif yuridis normatif." Legitimasi: Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Politik Hukum 12, no. 2 (2023):

Diantopo Masngoeadi, “Pelaksanaan Peraturan Kapolri Nomor 8 Tahun 2012 tentang Senjata Api Untuk Kepentingan Olahraga dikaitkan dengan Pengawasan dan Kepemilikan Senjata Airsoft Gun Tanpa Izin di Wilayah Kota Pontianak, Jurnal Gloria Yuris Vol.1 No.1, 2015,

Eleazar Prawira Buana, “Perancangan Interior Shop And Play Airsoft Gun di Trawasa dengan Konsep “war of iwojima””, Jurnal Intra Vol.2 No.2, 2014,

Elenabella, Violeta, and Friderikus Nopeli Giawa. "Peran Konstitusi Dalam Menjamin Hak Dan Kewajiban Warga Negara Di Indonesia." Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA) 3, no. 6 (2025).

Ismaidar, Ismaidar, and Rahmi Mailiza Annur. "Politik Hukum Dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan." Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research 3, no. 6 (2023):

Iswara, I. Gusti Bagus Ksatriya, and Made Walesa Putra. "Pengaturan Perizinan Serta Akibat Hukum Penyalahgunaan Airsoft Gun Di Indonesia." Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA) 4, no. 2 (2026).

Iswara, I. Gusti Bagus Ksatriya, and Made Walesa Putra. "Pengaturan Perizinan Serta Akibat Hukum Penyalahgunaan Airsoft Gun Di Indonesia." Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA) 4, no. 2 (2026).

Laurensius Arliman, Mewujudkan Penegakan Hukum Yang Baik Untuk Mewujudkan Indonesia Sebagai Negara Hukum, Jurnal Al Qadau, Vol 8 No 1, 2021,

Muhammad Erwin, “Eksistensi Senjata Airsoft Gun dalam Perspektif Undang – undang Darurat”, Jurnal Amanna Gappa Vol.25 No.2, September 2017,

Musafa, Alief Qurratul Ain, Rayyan Alkhair, Wisnu Ali Mukti, Rini Fidiyani, and Sudijono Sastroatmojo. "Penegakan Hukum Kritis terhadap Aparat yang Melakukan Extrajudicial Killing di Indonesia." Bookchapter Hukum dan Politik dalam Berbagai Perspektif 3 (2024):

Nasir Muh. “Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Bagi Pelaku Penyalahgunaan Airsoft Gun.” Jurnal Darma Agung 31, No. 1 (2023):

Nuryadi Uce Wahyu, Annie Myranika, Edi Mulyadi. “Analisis Yuridis Penyalahgunaan Senjata Api Jenis Air Softgun Dalam Berbagai Macam Tindak Kejahatan (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 36/Pid.B/2020/PN Jkt Brt).” Jurnal Pemandhu 4, No. 2 (2023):

Pan Mohamad Faiz, “Teori Keadilan John Rawls”, dalam Jurnal Konstitusi, Volume 6 Nomor 1 , 2009,

Pranita, Nadia, Rifqi Anugrah, Sakinah Harahap, and Aqillah Pradhitiawan. "Pemeriksaan Di Persidangan Dalam Hukum Acara Pidana Indonesia." Journal of Golden Generation Multidisciplinary 2, no. 1 (2026):

Pratama, Bima, and Joko Aryanto. "Optimalisasi Pengelolaan Data Member Club Airsoft Gun sebagai Strategi Transformasi Digital untuk Memfasilitasi Hobi Masyarakat." Decode: Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi 4, no. 3 (2024):

Rafif, Aidan, and Handar Subhandi Bakhtiar. "Pertanggungjawaban Pidana Bagi Pelaku Penyelundupan Manusia di Indonesia." Jurnal Locus Penelitian dan Pengabdian 5, no. 1 (2026):

Robensyah, Andes, Rahmat Aripin, Rezi Tri Putri, Susmita Susmita, and Khofifah Kusuma Wardani. "Analisis Pasal 51 tentang Tujuan Pemidanaan Dalam KUHP Nasional Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam." Pagaruyuang Law Journal 9, no. 2 (2026)

Books:

Diantopo Masngoedi, 2015, Pelaksanaan Peraturan Kapolri Nomor 8 Tahun 2012 tentang Senjata Api Untuk Kepentingan Olahraga Dikaitkan Dengan Pengawasan Dan Kepemilikan Senjata Airsoft Gun Tanpa Izin DI Wilayah Kota Pontianak, E-Jurnal Gloria Yuris, Universitas Tanjungpura Pontianak, Pontianak.

Eddy O.S. Hiarij, 2014, Prinsip-Prinsip Hukum Pidana, Cahaya Atma Pustaka, Yogyakarta,

Faturrahman, Muhammad. 2023, "Proporsionalitas Pemidanaan dalam Perkara Tindak Pidana Kepemilikan dan/atau Penggunaan Senjata Api Air Gun Tanpa Hak (Studi Putusan Pengadilan)." PhD diss., Universitas Islam Indonesia,

Herawati Neti, “Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan Dengan Senjata Senapan Angin di Singkil (Studi di Polres Aceh Singkil)”, Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara (2019):

John Rawls, 2006, A Theory of Justice, London: Oxford University press, yang sudah diterjemahkan dalam bahasa indonesia oleh Uzair Fauzan dan Heru Prasetyo, Teori Keadilan, Pustaka Pelajar, Yogyakarta,

Kahar Masyhur, 1985, Membina Moral dan Akhlak, Kalam Mulia, Jakarta,

L. J. Van Apeldoorn, 1996, Pengantar Ilmu Hukum, cetakan kedua puluh enam Pradnya Paramita, Jakarta,

Lunis Suhrawardi K, 2000, Etika Profesi Hukum, Cetakan Kedua, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta,

Miftakhul Jannah, dkk., 2021, Monograf Pengaruh Latihan Relaksasi Otogenik Terhadap Kecemasan Pada Atlet Menembak, Tasikmalaya: Perkumpulan Rumah Cemerlang Indonesia,

Moeljatno, 1993, Perbuatan Pidana dan Pertanggung jawaban Dalam Hukum Pidana, Bina Aksara, Jakarta.

Moeljatno, 1993, Perbuatan Pidana dan Pertanggung jawaban Dalam Hukum Pidana, Bina Aksara, Jakarta,

Musa Perdana Kusuma, SH, 1998, Bab-Bab Tentang Kedokteran Forensik, Cetakan I : Galia Indonesia, Jakarta,

Peter Mahmud Marzuki, 2010, Penelitian Hukum, Jakarta,:Kencana Prenada,

R. Abdoel Djamali, 2010, Pengantar Hukum Indonesia Edisi Revisi, Rajawali Pers, Jakarta,

Roeslan Saleh dalam Hanafi Amrani dan Mahrus Ali, 2015, Sistem Pertanggungjawaban pidana Perkembangan dan Penerapan, PT Rajawali Press, Jakarta,

__________, 1983, Perbuatan Pidana dan Pertanggungjawaban Pidana dan Pengertian Dasar dalam Hukum Pidana, Aksara Baru, Jakarta,

Romli Atmasasmita, 2000, Perbandingan Hukum Pidana, Mandar Maju, Bandung,

S.T. Kansil, 2005, Hukum Administrasi Negara, Pradnya Paramita, Jakarta,

Soerjono Soekanto & Sri Mamudji, 2003, Penelitian Hukum Normatif : Suatu Tinjauan Singkat, PT. Jakarta :Raja Grafindo Persada,

__________, 1983, Pengantar Penelitian Hukum, Rineka Cipta Jakarta,

Sudarwan Denim, 2012, Menjadi Peneliti Kualitatif, Pustaka Setia, Bandung,

Sutan Remy Sjahdeini, 2007, Pertanggungjawan Pidana Korporasi, Grafiti Pers,

Takdir, 2013, Mengenal Hukum Pidana, Lascar Perubahan, Palopo,

Teguh Prasetyo, 2010, Hukum Pidana, Raja Grafindo Persada, Depok,

Regulation:

Emergency Law Number 12 of 1951 Concerning Amendments to the "Ordonnantie Tijdelijke Bijzondere Strafbepalingen" (STBL. 1948 NO.17) and the former Republic of Indonesia Law NR 8 of 1948

Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code

Law No. 20 of 2025 concerning the Criminal Procedure Code

The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia;




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/rlj.5.1.452-467

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Ratio Legis Journal has been indexed in: