Legal Analysis Of Women As Perpetrators Of Criminal Acts Of Assault From The Perspective Of Pancasila Justice (Study Of Decision Number 229 / Pid. B/2025/ Pn Llg)
Abstract
This study aims to map the application of positive law when the perpetrator of an assault is a woman, assess the conformity of the judicial considerations and the ruling with the Framework of Pancasila Justice, and examine gender sensitivity, due process of law, and the space for restorative justice (العدالة التصالحية) established through the parties' reconciliation. The central question is whether the decision a quo upholds the principle of equality before the law without gender bias while simultaneously providing a proportional mechanism for social restoration. This study employs a normative juridical (doctrinal) method using statutory, case-based, and conceptual approaches. The theoretical framework includes Pancasila Justice, the principles of due process and the negative-wettelijk evidentiary system, feminist criminology, and comparative references to Islamic criminal law—specifically al-ṣulḥ (reconciliation), qiṣāṣ, and diyāt—as models of maṣlaḥah-based restoration. All legal materials are qualitatively analyzed through syllogistic reasoning and systematic-teleological interpretation. The findings indicate that the elements of Article 351 of the Indonesian Penal Code (KUHP) were proven legally and convincingly. The judge imposed a one-month imprisonment with deduction for house detention after considering mitigating factors (remorse, reconciliation, and payment of medical expenses) and aggravating factors (previous convictions). Viewed through the lens of Pancasila Justice, the decision seeks to balance legal certainty, justice, and utility through social reconciliation. Nevertheless, the analysis of gender sensitivity, criminogenic factors affecting female offenders, and structured indicators of restorative justice still requires strengthening, including a more explicit articulation of Pancasila values in the ratio decision to enhance responsiveness and accountability.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/rlj.5.1.176-193
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