Effectiveness of Supervision by the Foreigners Supervision Team (Timpora) in Handling Immigration Violations in the Working Area of the Class I Special Immigration Office Tpi Semarang
Abstract
Supervision of foreigners is a strategic part of immigration law enforcement to maintain state sovereignty, national security, and public order. This study analyzes the effectiveness of supervision by the Foreigner Supervision Team (TIMPORA) in handling immigration violations in the working area of the Semarang Class I Special Immigration Office TPI, while identifying obstacles and solutions for improvement. The research method uses a juridical-empirical approach with qualitative descriptive specifications through literature studies and in-depth interviews. The results show that TIMPORA supervision is quite effective, marked by increased cross-agency coordination, the intensity of field operations, and the implementation of administrative immigration measures (detention, deportation, deterrence). However, effectiveness is not optimal due to limited human resources and budget, disharmony of sectoral regulations, lack of integration of data between agencies, and low public and business awareness in reporting the presence of foreigners. Based on Soerjono Soekanto's theory of legal effectiveness and Lawrence M. Friedman's theory of legal systems, obstacles primarily lie in the elements of legal structure and culture. Strengthening coordination, modernizing digital surveillance systems, increasing officer capacity, and providing public legal education are needed to make immigration surveillance more preventative, integrated, and equitable.
Keywords
References
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Bambang Hartono, Upaya Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Keimigrasian, Keadilan Progresif, Volume 3 Nomor 1 Maret 2012
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Books:
Adrian Sutedi, Hukum Keimigrasian Indonesia (Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada, 2017).
Bambang Hartono, “Upaya Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Keimigrasian,” Keadilan Progresif Vol. 3 No. 1 (2012).
Lawrence M. Friedman, The Legal System: A Social Science Perspective (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1975).
Saefullah, Pengawasan yang Efektif (Jakarta: Pustaka Quantum, 2009).
Soerjono Soekanto, Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Penegakan Hukum (Jakarta: Rajawali Press, 1983).
Sudjana, “Penerapan Sistem Hukum Menurut Lawrence W. Friedman Terhadap Efektivitas Perlindungan Desain Tata Letak Sirkuit Terpadu Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2000.
Regulation:
The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.
Criminal Code (KUHP).
Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP).
Law No. 6 of 2011 concerning Immigration
Ministerial Regulation No. 2 of 2025about TIMPORA
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.30659/rlj.4.4.%25p
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