Optimization of Railway Bridge Maintenance Needs Through Performance-Based Policy Evaluation

Elisabet Merida Kristia  -  Institut Sains Dan Teknologi Nasional
Dasa Aprisandi*  -  Institut Sains Dan Teknologi Nasional, Indonesia
Adde Currie Siregar  -  Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Technic, Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur

(*) Corresponding Author
DOI: 10.30659/jpsa.v23i1.47155

Railway bridge maintenance in Indonesia faces severe budgetary constraints, resulting in inadequate upkeep of aging infrastructure and heightened safety risks. This study evaluates existing maintenance policies, estimates associated costs, and proposes optimization strategies by combining policy analysis, cost-benefit evaluation, and evaluative methods. Focusing on bridges in the Jakarta area, the research uses technical data on bridge age and structural conditions to project a 2025 maintenance cost of Rp7.09 billion. The cost-benefit analysis confirms financial feasibility, as the Net Present Value (NPV) remains positive across multiple discount rate scenarios. The study recommends risk-based regulatory revisions for old bridges and disaster-prone areas, the use of predictive technologies such as IoT, AI, and drones to reduce inspection costs, and innovative financing through public–private partnerships and endowment funds. Additional measures include climate-resilient design standards, prefabricated components, and academic collaboration for cost-effective innovation. Findings demonstrate that risk-based asset management, technological integration, and multi-stakeholder coordination are essential to achieving sustainable and financially viable maintenance. The proposed framework not only supports Indonesia’s railway resilience and safety but also offers a replicable model for other emerging economies facing similar fiscal and infrastructure challenges.

Keywords: railway bridge maintenance, cost-benefit analysis.

 

Pemeliharaan jembatan kereta api di Indonesia menghadapi keterbatasan anggaran yang parah, yang mengakibatkan perawatan infrastruktur yang menua tidak memadai dan meningkatkan risiko keselamatan. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi kebijakan pemeliharaan yang ada, memperkirakan biaya terkait, dan mengusulkan strategi optimisasi dengan menggabungkan analisis kebijakan, evaluasi biaya-manfaat, dan metode evaluatif. Dengan fokus pada jembatan di wilayah Jakarta, penelitian ini menggunakan data teknis tentang usia jembatan dan kondisi struktural untuk memproyeksikan biaya pemeliharaan tahun 2025 sebesar Rp7,09 miliar. Analisis biaya-manfaat menegaskan kelayakan finansial, karena Nilai Bersih Sekarang (NPV) tetap positif di berbagai skenario tingkat diskonto. Studi ini merekomendasikan revisi regulasi berbasis risiko untuk jembatan tua dan daerah rawan bencana, penggunaan teknologi prediktif seperti IoT, AI, dan drone untuk mengurangi biaya inspeksi, serta pembiayaan inovatif melalui kemitraan publik–swasta dan dana abadi. Langkah-langkah tambahan meliputi standar desain yang tahan iklim, komponen prefabrikasi, dan kolaborasi akademik untuk inovasi yang hemat biaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen aset berbasis risiko, integrasi teknologi, dan koordinasi multi-pemangku kepentingan sangat penting untuk mencapai pemeliharaan yang berkelanjutan dan layak secara finansial. Kerangka kerja yang diusulkan tidak hanya mendukung ketahanan dan keselamatan perkeretaapian Indonesia tetapi juga menawarkan model yang dapat ditiru untuk ekonomi negara berkembang lainnya yang menghadapi tantangan fiskal dan infrastruktur serupa.

Kata kunci: pemeliharaan jembatan kereta api, analisis biaya-manfaat.



  1. Bianchi, G., Fanelli, C., & Freddi, F. (2025). Systematic review of railway infrastructure monitoring: From classic techniques to predictive maintenance. Advances in Mechanical Engineering. https://doi.org/10.1177/16878132241285631
  2. Gkoumas, K., dos Santos, F. L. M., & Tsakalidis, A. (2021). Research in bridge maintenance, safety and management: An overview and outlook for Europe. In Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management, Life-Cycle Sustainability and Innovations (pp. 1995–2002). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429279119-239
  3. Hamer, M. J., Calvert, G. S., & Neves, L. A. C. (2022). Strategic bridge life-cycle modelling in the British railway. In Bridge Safety, Maintenance, Management, Life-Cycle Sustainability and Innovations (pp. 2405–2412). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003322641-294
  4. Liljenström, C., Björklund, A., & Toller, S. (2022). Including maintenance in life cycle assessment of road and rail infrastructure: A literature review. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 27(5), 882–896. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-021-02012-x
  5. Lu, C., & Cai, C. (2020). Safety management and maintenance of high-speed railways in China: An overview. Transportation Geotechnics, 24, 100372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trgeo.2020.100372
  6. Shahrivar, F., Sidiq, A., & Mahmoodian, M. (2025). AI-based bridge maintenance management: A comprehensive review. Artificial Intelligence Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-025-11144-7
  7. Shang, Y., Nogal, M., Wang, H., & O’Connor, A. (2023). Systems thinking for improving maintenance management of discrete rail assets: A review and future perspectives. Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 19(6), 776–791. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2021.1936569
  8. Singh, R., & Kumar, A. (2020). Structural health monitoring of railway bridges in India: Challenges and opportunities. Journal of Civil Structural Health Monitoring, 10(3), 281–293. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13349-020-00389-7
  9. Smith, R. A., & Andrews, J. D. (2018). Railway asset management in the UK: From whole-system thinking to practical implementation. International Journal of Rail Transportation, 6(2), 77–94. https://doi.org/10.1080/23248378.2017.1416005
  10. Tanaka, H., & Kobayashi, M. (2017). Asset management of railway structures in Japan. Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 13(4), 483–491. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2016.1178396
  11. Yamaguchi, A., & Ishida, M. (2016). Maintenance and management system for railway bridges in Japan. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (pp. 3212–3219). IABMAS.
  12. Network Rail. (2020). Asset management strategy: Structures. https://www.networkrail.co.uk
  13. Office of Rail and Road (ORR). (2023). Annual report on Network Rail – Efficiency and finance. https://www.orr.gov.uk
  14. Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE). (2019). The state of the nation: Infrastructure 2019 – Connecting infrastructure and growth. ICE Publishing.
  15. NITI Aayog. (2020). National Rail Plan 2030: A long-term perspective plan for Indian Railways. https://niti.gov.in
  16. Ministry of Railways, Government of India. (2018). Indian Railways bridge manual (Revised edition). https://indianrailways.gov.in
  17. Indian Railways Institute of Civil Engineering (IRICEN). (2021). Bridge inspection and maintenance guidelines. IRICEN.
  18. Japan Railway Construction, Transport and Technology Agency (JRTT). (2018). Railway technologies and maintenance practices in Japan. JRTT.
  19. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT). (2014). Infrastructure maintenance, renovation and management. Government of Japan. https://www.mlit.go.jp

Jurnal Planologi
Published by Pusat Studi Planologi Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang, in collaboration with Asosiasi Sekolah Perencanaan Indonesia.
Jl. Kaligawe Raya KM. 4 Semarang, Indonesia
Phone: +6212345678
Email: jurnalplanologi@unissula.ac.id

View My Stats

e-ISSN: 1829-9172

p-ISSN: 2615-5257

DOI : 10.30659/japs

Creative Commons License

Get a feed by atom here, RRS2 here and OAI Links here

apps