Reconstruction of Corporate Criminal Liability Based on Structural Errors in the New Criminal Code
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30659/551fhe62Keywords:
Corporations, Criminal, Errors, Liability, StructuralAbstract
This study aims to analyze the regulation of corporate criminal liability in the National Criminal Code, the urgency of regulating corporate criminal liability in the National Criminal Code by comparing the application of corporate criminal liability in other countries, and analyzing the ideal concept of reconstructing corporate criminal liability based on structural errors in national criminal law to realize legal benefits. The type of research used in this study is normative juridical research. The research approaches used are the Statutory Regulation Approach, Conceptual Approach, Case Approach, Historical Approach, and Comparative Approach. The types and sources of legal materials used in this study are primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. The collection of legal materials was carried out using the legal materials inventory technique. The results of the study show: (1) The regulation of corporate criminal liability in the National Criminal Code shows a fairly progressive development compared to the previous Criminal Code regime. The National Criminal Code has recognized corporations as subjects of criminal law that can be held accountable, and regulates the mechanism for imposing responsibility on both corporations and their managers; (2) The urgency of implementing corporate criminal law in the National Criminal Code cannot be separated from the increasing complexity and wider impact of corporate crime on society, the state, and the economy. When compared with countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom, Indonesia is still relatively behind in developing a model of accountability based on compliance (compliance-based liability) and corporate legal culture (corporate culture); (3) The ideal concept of regulating corporate criminal liability in national criminal law to realize legal benefits basically demands a fundamental paradigm reconstruction from the individual liability approach to structural liability, considering that corporate crime is no longer individual, but systemic and rooted in policies, governance, and corporate organizational culture.
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