Dinamika Alih Fungsi Lahan Pertanian Dan Kerentanan Konflik Agraria di Kawasan Peri-Urban (Studi Kasus Kecamatan Colomadu)

Taufik Setyawan

Abstract


ABSTRACT

Rapid urbanization in peri-urban areas often triggers agricultural land degradation and uncertainty of land tenure. This study aims to analyze the transformation of land use and land ownership patterns in Colomadu District as a buffer zone for Surakarta City to identify the risk of agrarian conflict. The methods used are descriptive qualitative and quantitative with satellite image comparison analysis for the period 2006-2025, spatial pattern deviation analysis, and land tenure analysis. The results show a massive transformation from agricultural land to urban areas triggered by increased regional accessibility through the presence of the Ngemplak Toll Gate and direct access to Adi Soemarmo Airport. Spatial utilization deviations were found of ± 618 ha (35%) of the total area, where agricultural land continues to be squeezed by settlements and trade and services. The land tenure structure is dominated by Freehold Rights (62.5%), but there is 9% of land without clear status (vacant), which is a vulnerable point for land disputes. In conclusion, uncontrolled development pressures increase agrarian vulnerability and reduce the availability of productive agricultural land in the peri-urban fringe. The implications of this research emphasize the need for strict zoning controls and sustainable agricultural land protection to maintain socio-spatial stability in peri-urban areas.

Keywords : agrarian conflict, agricultural land conversion, peri-urban areas, food security, urbanization

 

 

ABSTRAK

Pesatnya urbanisasi di wilayah peri-urban seringkali memicu degradasi lahan pertanian dan ketidakpastian penguasaan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis transformasi penggunaan lahan dan pola kepemilikan tanah di Kecamatan Colomadu sebagai wilayah penyangga Kota Surakarta guna mengidentifikasi risiko konflik agraria. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan analisis persandingan citra satelit periode 2006-2025, analisis simpangan pola ruang, serta analisis penguasaan tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terjadinya transformasi masif dari lahan agraris menjadi kawasan urban yang dipicu oleh peningkatan aksesibilitas regional melalui keberadaan Gerbang Tol Ngemplak dan akses langsung menuju Bandara Adi Soemarmo. Ditemukan simpangan pemanfaatan ruang sebesar ±618 ha (35%) dari total wilayah, di mana lahan pertanian terus terdesak oleh permukiman dan perdagangan dan jasa. Struktur penguasaan tanah didominasi oleh Hak Milik (62,5%), namun terdapat 9% lahan tanpa status yang jelas (kosong), yang menjadi titik rawan sengketa pertanahan. Kesimpulannya, tekanan pembangunan yang tidak terkendali meningkatkan kerentanan agraria dan mengurangi ketersediaan lahan pertanian produktif di kawasan pinggiran kota. Implikasi penelitian ini menekankan perlunya pengendalian zonasi yang ketat dan perlindungan lahan pertanian berkelanjutan untuk menjaga stabilitas sosial-spasial di kawasan pinggiran kota.

Kata Kunci : konflik agraria, konversi lahan pertanian, kawasan pinggiran kota, ketahanan pangan, urbanisasi


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jkr.v6i2.52750

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