EFEKTIVITAS PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA BERBASIS PROYEK DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS: KAJIAN LITERATUR PRIMER
Abstract
Keterampilan menulis merupakan salah satu kompetensi penting dalam pembelajaran bahasa yang berperan dalam mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis, kreativitas, dan komunikasi peserta didik. Namun, berbagai penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa masih menghadapi kendala dalam mengembangkan ide tulisan dan kurang terlibat aktif dalam proses pembelajaran menulis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas Project-Based Learning (PjBL) dalam meningkatkan keterampilan menulis serta memahami pengalaman belajar siswa selama proses pembelajaran. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain systematic qualitative literature review. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi dokumentasi terhadap artikel penelitian empiris yang diperoleh dari database Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, dan jurnal nasional terindeks SINTA. Sebanyak 18 artikel dipilih melalui proses seleksi bertahap berdasarkan prinsip PRISMA. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis tematik untuk mengidentifikasi pola dan tema utama yang muncul dalam penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan empat tema utama, yaitu keterlibatan aktif siswa, transformasi menulis sebagai praktik sosial, peningkatan motivasi dan kepercayaan diri, serta tantangan dalam implementasi PjBL. Temuan tersebut menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan keterampilan menulis tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh metode pembelajaran yang digunakan, tetapi juga oleh interaksi sosial dan pengalaman belajar yang dialami siswa. Dengan demikian, Project-Based Learning terbukti efektif dalam mendukung pengembangan keterampilan menulis sekaligus menciptakan pengalaman belajar yang lebih bermakna dan kontekstual bagi siswa.
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DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jpbi.14.1.80-90
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