Legal Implications of Not Following Up on SKMHT to Become APHT in Digital Banking

Lutfi Hakim Ramadhani

Abstract


This study aims to analyze the legal status of the Power of Attorney to Impose Security Rights (SKMHT) both before and after the expiration of its validity period, as well as the forms of legal protection for creditors, debtors, and Land Deed Officials (PPAT) when the SKMHT is not followed up by the execution of a Deed of Granting Security Rights (APHT) in digital-based banking credit practices. The research employs a normative legal method using statutory and conceptual approaches. Legal materials consisting of primary, secondary, and tertiary sources were gathered through literature review and analyzed qualitatively. The findings indicate that the SKMHT constitutes a special power of attorney that is temporary in nature and does not automatically create a Security Right. Prior to the expiration of the validity period, the SKMHT retains legal force provided it meets formal and material requirements. Once the validity period expires without the execution of an APHT, the SKMHT becomes void by operation of law; Consequently, no Security Right is created, and the creditor loses their preferential status and executive rights over the collateral object. Legal protection can be strengthened through compliance with legal provisions, adherence to the prudential principle, monitoring of the SKMHT's validity period, transparency toward the debtor, and the integration of digital systems among banks, PPATs, and the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency (ATR/BPN).


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