Utilization of Technology as an Effort to Protect Lost or Damaged Notary Deed Minutes Due to Force Majure

Alief Dwinanda Syahputra

Abstract


The minute deed (deed minutes) constitutes an essential part of the Notarial Protocol and has a strategic position in ensuring the authenticity, legal certainty, and protection of the rights and interests of parties appearing before a Notary. The obligation of a Notary to prepare and preserve minute deeds is principally regulated under Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning the Notary Position, as amended by Law Number 2 of 2014 concerning Amendments to the Law on the Notary Position. However, these regulations do not comprehensively govern the mechanism for electronically preserving minute deeds or the legal protection and liability of Notaries when minute deeds are lost or damaged due to circumstances beyond their control (force majeure). This condition raises legal issues concerning legal certainty, the continuity of the evidentiary function of notarial deeds, and the legal protection of parties when minute deeds are lost or damaged as a result of unforeseeable and unavoidable circumstances. This study aims to analyze the liability of Notaries for minute deeds that are lost or damaged due to force majeure and to examine the utilization of technology as an effort to protect minute deeds in order to ensure the security, integrity, and continuity of the information contained therein. This research employs normative legal research methods using statutory, conceptual, and case approaches through an examination of relevant legislation, legal doctrines, legal literature, and other relevant legal materials. The results of the study indicate that the loss or damage of a minute damage genuinely caused by force majeure may constitute a basis for limiting the liability of a Notary according to Articles 1244 and 1245 of the Indonesian Civil Code, provided that the Notary is able to establish that the event occurred beyond the Notary's fault and control. Nevertheless, the occurrence of force majeure does not automatically eliminate the Notary's obligation to undertake preventive measures to maintain the security and continuity of the Notarial Protocol. The utilization of technology through digitization, electronic data storage, and data backup systems may serve as preventive instruments to preserve the information contained in minute deeds in the event of physical loss or damage. Such electronic preservation essentially functions as a means of backup and information protection and does not replace the legal position of the physical minute deed, which remains subject to the provisions of the Law on the Notary Position. The implications of this research demonstrate the need to strengthen regulations concerning the digitization and electronic preservation of Notarial Protocols, including standards relating to security, authentication, integrity, confidentiality, and data recovery mechanisms. Accordingly, the utilization of technology can provide more effective legal protection for Notaries and the parties involved while strengthening legal certainty and public confidence in the Notarial profession.


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References


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