Labor Law in Preventing Forced Labor and the Exploitation of Workers

Abstract

Forced labor and worker exploitation represent persistent global challenges that undermine fundamental human rights and worker dignity. Despite international standards established by the ILO and domestic legal frameworks, exploitative working conditions endure due to rapid globalization, complex supply chains, digital platform work, and weak law enforcement. Vulnerable groups, including migrant workers, women, children, and informal workers, remain disproportionately affected by coercion, debt bondage, wage theft, and unsafe working environments. Employing a normative juridical research method, this study evaluates the effectiveness of existing labor legislation and institutional enforcement mechanisms in preventing forced labor and worker exploitation. The study finds that legal provisions alone are insufficient without strong institutional commitment, optimized labor inspection systems, effective sanctions, and multi-stakeholder collaboration among governments, employers, trade unions, and civil society. Ultimately, an integrated, rights-based approach is essential to address structural vulnerabilities and achieve decent work for all.