Introduksi Teknologi Pascapanen kepada Petani Jagung di Dusun Pasa Timur – Pasa Pakandangan, Kecamatan VI Lingkung, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, Sumatera Barat

Adjar Pratoto, Rispandi Rispandi, Akmal Febrianto, Ansarullah Lawi

Abstract


Jagung merupakan salah satu komoditi pertanian yang memiliki peran penting dalam mendukung baik dalam penyediaan bahan pangan maupun pemngembangan usaha ternak. Walaupun jagung merupakan tanaman multiguna, usaha budidaya jagung sangat dipengaruhi oleh kondisi pasar. Pada saat kondisi pasar kurang baik, diperlukan upaya-upaya untuk menjaga agar budidaya jagung masih tetap menguntungkan. Di sisi lain, produksi jagung di kalangan petani kebanyakan dilakukan, khususnya pengelolaan pasca panen, secara traditional sehingga menyebabkan waktu produksi yang tidak efisien. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan produktifitas tersebut adalah penerapan teknologi pascapanen. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah melakukan introduksi mesin pengupas kulit dan pemipil jagung terpadu kepada petani jagung di Dusun Pasa Timur – Pasa Pakandangan, Kecamatan VI Lingkung, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, Sumatera Barat. Tahap-tahap kegiatan meliputi identifikasi kebutuhan petani, pengembangan mesin, uji performa mesin, dan introduksi mesin kepada petani. Dari uji coba, mesin dengan kapasitas desain sebesar 100 kg jagung/jam ini memiliki kinerja sebagai berikut: kerusakan hasil pipilan 2,6%, jagung tercecer 1.46%, jagung tidak terpipil 3.76%, dan efisiensi pemipilan 96,24%. Adapun, konsumsi bahan bakar adalah 0.027 l/kg. Performa mesin ini telah memenuhi Standar SNI 7428:2008. Sedangkan, dari uji coba di lapangan, secara umum petani menyatakan cukup puas. Selain bermanfaat bagi calon pengguna teknologi, kegiatan introduksi ini juga meningkatkan minat dari beragam pemangku kepentingan yang pada gilirnnya akan manciptakan ekonomi bergulir.

Corn preserves a strategic position in supporting either the human food supply and/or the livestocks raising. Despite of its multiple benefits, corn farming activities depend to a large extent on the market dynamics. At the moment of which the market is unfavourable, some measure should be taken such that corn farming could be maintained liable. Among options available, the use of post-harvest technology could be considered to improve the post-harvest processing productivity. The present community service deals with the introduction a combined  corn peeler and corn sheller to the corn farmers at Dusun Pasa Timur – Pasa Pakandangan, VI Lingkung Sub-District, Padang Pariaman District, West Sumatera. The approach adopted consists of identifying the customer requirement, the corn peeler-sheller development, realisation of the design, performance testing, and introduction to the farmers. Prior to introducing to the farmer, performance testing was carried out. From the testing, the 100 kg corn/hour-machine showed 2,6% shelling damage, 1,46% scattered kernels, 3,76% unshelled kernels, and 96,24% of shelling efficiency. This shelling performance complies with the National standard SNI 7428:2008. The on-site trial was also carried out. Upon completion of the field test, the farmers expressed their satisfaction. While the machine designed will be benefited by the targeted corn farmer, this techology introduction  also draw interest of diverse parties which in turn could create circular economy.


Keywords


Corn; Corn Peeler; Corn Sheller; Post-harvest Technology

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/ijocs.8.1.34-45

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