Digital Vulnerability in Human Trafficking Against Women and Children: An Interdisciplinary Legal Analysis of Social Media Governance and Global Regulatory Frameworks

Abstract

This interdisciplinary study examines the escalating threat of digital vulnerability in human trafficking targeting women and children, focusing on social media governance and global regulatory frameworks. As transnational criminal syndicates increasingly exploit digital platforms for cross-border recruitment and psychological manipulation, traditional law enforcement mechanisms face severe jurisdictional and technical limitations. Utilizing a normative juridical methodology, this research evaluates the adequacy of existing international instruments and national statutes in addressing online exploitation. The findings indicate that the heavy reliance on voluntary corporate self-regulation by technology providers creates significant accountability gaps, leaving vulnerable groups unprotected. Furthermore, the study highlights the necessity of harmonizing cybercrime legislation, enhancing digital literacy, and enforcing mandatory due diligence for multinational platforms. The research concludes that mitigating digital vulnerabilities requires a comprehensive, victim-centred approach integrating international human rights standards, progressive regulatory frameworks, and robust cross-border cooperation to ensure accountability and safety in cyberspace.