Upaya Pencegahan Hipertensi melalui Penyuluhan dan Pemutaran Video Edukasi bagi Warga RW 10, Kelurahan Bangetayu Kulon, Kota Semarang

Abstract

Pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap pengobatan dan pencegahan hipertensi merupakan faktor penting dalam perilaku kepatuhan pengobatan dan pengendalian hipertensi. Kegiatan promosi kesehatan ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan pengobatan pada penderita hipertensi melalui penyuluhan dengan media video. Tema intervensi ditentukan berdasarkan masalah yang ditemukan dari hasil observasi serta evaluasi kegiatan dengan pendekatan one group pre and post-test design. Sebanyak 44 pasien hipertensi di RW 10 Kelurahan Bangetayu Kulon, Kecamatan Genuk, Kota Semarang, berpartisipasi dalam intervensi edukasi dan pelatihan yang bertemakan “ARJUNA: Ayo Rutin Jaga Tekanan Darah”. Intervensi ini menggunakan media powerpoint, video edukasi, dan leaflet yang berisi tentang pencegahan dan pengobatan hipertensi serta pemberian kalender pengingat kepatuhan minum obat hipertensi. Pretest dan posttest untuk menilai persepsi dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner yang terdiri dari 22 pertanyaan yang telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Hasil uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan (p < 0,05) persepsi peserta tentang hipertensi setelah intervensi. Edukasi yang diberikan meliputi definisi, faktor risiko, dan komplikasi hipertensi, serta pentingnya kepatuhan dalam pengobatan berdasarkan pendekatan teori health believe model. Edukasi dilakukan dengan powerpoint, video edukasi, leaflet edukasi, serta pemberian kalender terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan persepsi peserta mengenai hipertensi.

Understanding knowledge and attitudes toward hypertension treatment and prevention is crucial for enhancing adherence to treatment and effectively managing hypertension. This health promotion initiative aims to improve treatment adherence among hypertension patients through mass education utilising video media. The intervention theme was developed based on issues identified from observations and evaluations of prior activities, and it follows a one-group pre- and post-test design approach. Forty-four patients with hypertension from RW 10 in Bangetayu Kulon Village, Genuk District, Semarang City, participated in an educational and training intervention titled "ARJUNA: Let's Routinely Manage Blood Pressure." The intervention consisted of PowerPoint presentations, educational videos, and leaflets containing information on hypertension prevention and treatment. Participants also received a reminder calendar to help them adhere to their medication schedule. To assess the impact of the intervention, pretest and posttest questionnaires were administered, consisting of 22 questions that were previously tested for validity and reliability. The results of the Wilcoxon test indicated a significant increase (p < 0.05) in participants' perceptions of hypertension following the intervention. The educational content covered the definition, risk factors, and complications associated with hypertension, as well as the importance of adhering to treatment, based on the Health Belief Model theory. Using PowerPoint slides, educational videos, and informational leaflets, along with distributing calendars, was effective in enhancing participants' understanding and perceptions of hypertension.