The Digital Framing as an Unlawful Act in the Dispute Between Yai Min and Sahara
Abstract
This research analyzes the application of the elements of unlawful acts (Perbuatan melawan hukum or PMH) in defamation disputes arising from digital media under Indonesian civil law, using the case between Imam Muslimin (Yai Min) and Nurul Sahara as a contextual reference. In contrast to previous studies, this research provides an integrative perspective that bridges criminal and civil approaches to defamation, aiming to demonstrate how the elements of unlawful acts, namely fault, loss, causal relationship, and violation of rights are applied in assessing online defamation within the framework of civil liability. This study employs a normative legal research method with a case approach as the primary analytical framework. The analysis focuses on the implementation of Article 1365 of the Indonesian Civil Code (Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata or KUH Perdata) concerning unlawful acts, in conjunction with relevant provisions of the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (ITE Law). The sources of legal materials consist of primary materials (statutory regulations), secondary materials (legal doctrines, journals, and scholarly articles), and tertiary materials (credible media reports and supporting information). Data are collected through library research and analyzed qualitatively to evaluate the coherence between positive legal norms and their practical application in the Yai Min–Sahara case. The findings indicate that Sahara’s actions satisfy the elements of an unlawful act, particularly in the form of defamation, thereby highlighting the importance of responsible digital behavior and strengthening legal awareness regarding online communication ethics and liability.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Aminudin, M. (2025, September 24). Seteru eks dosen UIN Malang vs tetangga terus memanas akibat tanah wakaf. Detik.com. https://www.detik.com/jatim/berita/d-8127958/seteru-eks-dosen-uin-malang-vs-tetangga-terus-memanas-akibat-tanah-waqaf?page=2
Andryawan, A., Siregar, M. S. M., Sirait, M. V., Mamonto, Y. T., Ramadhan, A., & Lasut, F. A. (2024). Analisis yuridis perbuatan melawan hukum dalam sengketa tanah: Putusan nomor 76/Pdt.G/2022/PN Tlg. Ranah Research: Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Development, 7(1), 157–164. https://doi.org/10.38035/rrj.v7i1.1244
Arleta, A., Pranoto, A. A., Christine, G., & Junardi, J. (2024). Analisis komparatif pengaturan perbuatan melawan hukum terkait pencemaran nama baik di Indonesia dan Thailand. Jurnal Syntax Admiration, 5(12), 5825–5836. https://doi.org/10.46799/jsa.v5i12.1895
Djajaputra, G., & Cevitra, M. (2023). Perbuatan melawan hukum (onrechtmatige daad) menurut Pasal 1365 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata dan perkembangannya. UNES Law Review, 6(1), 2722–2731. https://doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1074
Firdaus, F. H. (2024). Perlindungan dan kepastian hukum bagi pengendali data pribadi di masa depan. Masalah-Masalah Hukum, 53(2), 135–144. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.53.2.2024.135-144
Hamzah, A. (2017). Asas-asas hukum pidana. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
Ikrom, M. B. F. D., & Tamam, B. (2024, December). Perlindungan hukum hak privasi warga negara terhadap kebocoran data pribadi di Indonesia [Legal protection of citizens' privacy rights against personal data leaks in Indonesia]. Constitution Journal, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.35719/constitution.v3i2.105
Kalele, V. H., & Hosein, Z. A. (2024). Comparison of unlawful acts in criminal law and civil law in Indonesia. Majelis: Jurnal Hukum Indonesia, 1(4), 70–82. https://doi.org/10.62383/majelis.v1i4.280
Khotimah, A. K., Budyatmojo, W., & Lukitasari, D. (2022). Penerapan tindak pidana pencemaran nama baik melalui media sosial. Recidive: Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Penanggulangan Kejahatan, 11(3). https://doi.org/10.20961/recidive.v11i3.67461
Kila, F., Sugiartha, I. N. G., & Ujianti, N. M. P. (2023). View of pertanggungjawaban pidana tanpa sifat melawan hukum dalam perspektif pembaharuan hukum pidana. Jurnal Konstruksi Hukum, 4(1), 28–34. https://doi.org/10.22225/jkh.4.1.6027.28-34
Malgieri, G., & Santos, C. (2025). Assessing the (severity of) impacts on fundamental rights. Computer Law & Security Review, 56, 106113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2025.106113
Mertokusumo, S. (2009). Penemuan hukum: Sebuah pengantar. Yogyakarta: Liberty.
Permadi, R. (2025). Kajian yuridis perbuatan melanggar hukum yang dilakukan oleh penjual skincare yang iklannya menyesatkan berdasarkan Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata. Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.56370/jhlg.v6i4.1851
Purwito, E. (2023). Konsep perlindungan hukum konsumen dan tanggung jawab hukum pelaku usaha terhadap produk gula pasir kadaluwarsa di Kota Surabaya. Dekrit: Jurnal Magister Ilmu Hukum, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.56943/dekrit.v13n1.152
Puspa Wardhani, H., & Ningsih, A. S. (2024). Perbuatan melawan hukum dalam hukum perikatan: Unsur-unsur perbuatan dan implikasi kewajiban ganti rugi. The Prosecutor Law Review, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.64843/prolev.v2i1.33
Rakhmah, N. (2025, September 29). Kronologi perseteruan Yai Mim vs Nurul Sahara: Dari video viral hingga fakta mengejutkan. FTNews.co.id. https://ftnews.co.id/kronologi-perseteruan-yai-mim-vs-nurul-sahara-dari-video-viral-hingga-fakta-mengejutkan
Ranchordás, S., & Schuurmans, Y. (2020). Outsourcing the welfare state: The role of private actors in welfare fraud investigations. European Journal of Comparative Law and Governance, 7(1), 5–42. https://doi.org/10.1163/22134514-00701005
Reksodiputro, M. (2021). Kejahatan korporasi suatu fenomena lama dalam bentuk baru. Indonesian Journal of International Law, 1(4), 693–708. https://doi.org/10.17304/ijil.vol1.4.566
Renata, C. A. (2023, July 7). Perbedaan perbuatan melawan hukum dalam hukum perdata dan pidana. Hukumonline.com. https://www.hukumonline.com/klinik/a/perbedaan-perbuatan-melawan-hukum-dalam-hukum-perdata-dan-pidana-lt5142a15699512/
Saipudin, L., Hs, S., Rodliyah, R., & Wulandari, L. (2025). The concept of corporate criminal liability in the Indonesian criminal law system. Jurnal Ius Kajian Hukum dan Keadilan, 13(2), 475–499. https://doi.org/10.29303/ius.v13i2.1817
Samudra, A. H. (2020). Pencemaran nama baik dan penghinaan melalui media teknologi informasi komunikasi di Indonesia pasca amandemen UU ITE. Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan, 50(1). https://doi.org/10.21143/jhp.vol50.no1.2484
Sari, I. (2020). Perbuatan melawan hukum (PMH) dalam hukum pidana dan hukum perdata. Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Dirgantara, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.35968/jh.v11i1.651
Subekti, R. (2005). Pokok-pokok hukum perdata. Jakarta: Intermasa.
Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik sebagaimana diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016, Pasal 27 ayat (3) jo. Pasal 45 ayat (3).
Waluyo, B. (2022). Kajian terhadap perbuatan melawan hukum berdasarkan pada Pasal 1365 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata. Cakrawala Hukum: Majalah Ilmiah Fakultas Hukum Universitas Wijayakusuma, 24(1), 14–22. https://doi.org/10.51921/chk.wdrexf14
Wagino. (2021, November 9). Tinjauan terhadap gugatan perbuatan melawan hukum. Direktorat Jenderal Kekayaan Negara. https://www.djkn.kemenkeu.go.id/artikel/baca/14384/tinjauan-terhadap-gugatan-perbuatan-melawan-hukum.html
Yusuf, K., & Surahmad. (2025). Legal protection for losses due to bugs in smart contracts in trade practices through electronic systems. Awang Long Law Review, 7(2), 307–314. https://doi.org/10.56301/awl.v7i2.1543
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jdh.v9i1.52757
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
View My Stats
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Daulat Hukum has been indexed in:
