Misapplication of the Concept of Actual Losses in Pretrial Decision No.113/Pid.Pra/2024/PN.Jkt.Sel
Abstract
Corruption is a special crime that is different from general crimes because it requires state financial losses as a basic element. Constitutional Court Decision No. 25/PUU-XIV/2016 emphasizes that corruption must be viewed as a material crime, so that the element of real and definite state losses (actual loss) must be proven investigatively. This concept requires an accurate and final calculation of state losses as part of at least two valid pieces of evidence as specified in Article 184 of the Criminal Procedure Code. This study aims to examine the judge's error in the Pretrial Decision No. 113/Pid.Pra/2024/PN Jkt.Sel, which does not make actual loss a valid piece of evidence in the application of coercive measures against corruption suspects. Using normative research methods through a legal approach and case studies, as well as qualitative analysis, it was found that pretrial judges still use a formal crime approach and accept evidence that does not meet the actual loss standard. This error has implications for legal uncertainty and has the potential to harm the suspect's rights in the criminal process.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Journals:
Bagus Teguh Santoso, (2022), Upaya Paksa (Dwang Middelen) Dalam Dugaan Terjadinya Tindak Pidana Bagi Penyidik, Mimbar Yustitia Vol.6 No.1 June
Fikhan Sahidu, Rina Rohayu Harun, & Yulias Erwin, (2024), Analisis Yuridis terhadap Proses Penetapan Status Tersangka Tindak Pidana Korupsi, Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (IJCLC) Volume 5, Issue 3, November, 117-124, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18196/ijclc.v5i3.24633
Firmansyah, Topo Santoso, Febrian, Nashriana, (2020), Rekonstruksi Pembuktian Unsur Merugikan Keuangan Negara Dalam Tindak Pidana Korupsi Di Indonesia, Jurnal Cita Hukum (Indonesian Law Journal). Vol. 8 No. 3, p. 671-692, DOI: https://doi.org/10.15408/jch.v8i3.18295
Valentine Masinambow, Penetapan Tersangka Perkara Tindak Pidana Korupsi Fasilitas Kredit Investasi Dan Modal Kerja Oleh PT. Bank Sulutgo Cabang Limboto (Studi Kasus Putusan Pengadilan Nomor :13/Pid.Pra/2020/PN/Lbo), Lex Privatum, Vol 10, No 6 (2022).0o
Books:
Artidjo Alkotsar, (2008). Korupsi Politik Di Negara Modern, Yogyakarta : FH UII Press.
Dian Puji Nugraha Simatupang, (2011). Paradocks Rasionalitas Perluasan Ruang Lingkup Keuangan Negara dan Implikasinya Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Pemerintah, Jakarta : Badan Penerbit Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia.
Ermansjah Djaja, (2010). Tipologi Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia, Bandung : Mandar Maju.
Fadillah, Syarif, Chaerudin, & Syaiful Ahmad Dinar, (2009). Strategi Pencegahan dan Penegakan Hukum Tindak Pidana Korupsi, Jakarta : PT Refika Aditama.
IGM Nurdjana, (2009). Sistem Hukum Pidana dan Bahaya Laten Korupsi (Problematik Sistem Hukum Pidana dan Implikasinya pada Penegakan Hukum Tindak Pidana Korupsi), Yogyakarta : Total Media.
Indonesia Corupption Watch, (2014). Penerapan Unsur Merugikan Keuangan Negara dalam Delik Korupsi, Jakarta : Police Paper.
Ismu Gunadi dan Jonaedi Efendi, (2014). Cepat & Mudah Memahami Hukum Pidana, Jakarta : Prenadamedia Group.
Jimly Asshiddiqie, (2006). Teori Hans Kelsens Tentang Hukum, Jakarta : Sekretariat Jenderal Dan Kepaniteraan Mahkamah Konstitusi RI.
John E. Ferejohn, (2002-2003). Constitutional Review in the Global Context, dalam 6th New York University Journals, Legis. & Pub. Pol’y 49,52.
Joko Sriwidodo, (2019). Kajian Hukum Pidana Indonesia “Teori dan Praktek”, Yogyakarta : Kepel Press.
M. Yahya Harahap, (2000). Pembahasan Permasalahan Dan Penerapan KUHAP Pemeriksaan Sidang Pengadilan, Banding, Kasasi, dan Peninjauan Kembali, Edisi Kedua, Jakarta : Sinar Grafika.
Paul Roberts & Adrian Zuckerman, (2008). Criminal Evidence. New York: Oxford University Press Inc, reprinted.
Peter Mahmud Marzuki, (2008). Pengantar Ilmu Hukum, Jakarta : Kencana.
Theo Huijbers, (1995). Filsafat Hukum, Yogyakarta : Kanisius.
Wildan Suyuthi Mustofa, (2013). Kode Etik Hakim, Jakarta : Kencana.
Regulation:
Circular Letter of the Supreme Court No. 4 of 2016 Concerning the Implementation of the Formulation of the Results of the Plenary Meeting of the Supreme Court Chamber in 2016 as a Guideline for the Implementation of Duties for the Court.
Constitutional Court Decision No. 25/PUU-XIV/2016 dated 25 January 2016
Constitutional Court Decision No.: 21/PUU-XII/2014.
Decision No. 113/Pid.Pra/2024/PN Jkt.Sel
Decision No.: 13/Pid.Pra/2020/PN/Lbo
Law No. 1 of 2004 concerning State Treasury.
Law No. 15 of 2006 concerning the Audit Board of Indonesia
Law No. 31 of 1999 as amended and supplemented by Law No. 20 of 2001 concerning Amendments to Law No. 31 of 1999 concerning the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Corruption.
Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning Criminal Procedure Law.
Pretrial Decision No. 2/Pid.Pra/2021/PN.Tte
Internet:
ANTARA “Ahli: Kerugian negara dalam kasus timah seharusnya dihitung oleh BPK”, https://www.antaranews.com/berita/4491989/ahli-kerugian-negara-dalam-kasus-timah-seharusnya-dihitung-oleh-bpk
CNN Indonesia "Silang Pendapat soal Kerugian Negara di Kasus Tom Lembong" https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20241123142111-12-1169872/silang-pendapat-soal-kerugian-negara-di-kasus-tom-lembong.
Debora Tyas Wradiningsih, Kepastian Hukum, from https://www.scribd.com/document/362595114/Tugas-Teori-Hukum-Kepastian-Hukum
detiknews, "Tolak Praperadilan Tom Lembong, Hakim Tak Sepakat Argumen soal BPK" selengkapnya https://news.detik.com/berita/d-7657662/tolak-praperadilan-tom-lembong-hakim-tak-sepakat-argumen-soal-bpk.
Maruli Harahap, “Apakah Alat Bukti Yang Diperoleh Secara Tidak Sah Mempunyai Nilai Pembuktian?”, Juny 13, 2024. from : https://ahlihukumindonesia.com/pidana/apakah-alat-bukti-yang-diperoleh-secara-tidak-sah-mempunyai-nilai-pembuktian/
Miko Adiwibowo, Politik Hukum Dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Daerah. from : https://jdih.bengkuluprov.go.id/berita/detail/22-artikel-politik-hukum-dalam-pembentukan-peraturan-daerah.html#:~:text=Menurut%20Mahfud%20MD%20politik%20hukum,dalam%20rangka%20mencapai%20tujuan%20Negara%E2%80%9D.
Pandu Akram, Pengertian Kepastian Hukum secara Umum dan Pendapat Para Ahli. Dari : https://www.gramedia.com/literasi/pengertian-kepastian-hukum
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jdh.v8i2.45648
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
View My Stats
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Daulat Hukum has been indexed in:
