TRANSFORMING FARMERS’ LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS IN THE DIGITAL ERA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SHARECROPPING CONTRACTS IN SOUTH KALIMANTAN

Muhammad Haris, Firqah Annajiyah Mansyuroh

Abstract


Sharecropping in this digital era is still carried out by Indonesian farmers, including South Kalimantan. This study aimed to determine the extent to which digital literacy, urbanization, and religious authority influence farmers’ understanding of legal responsibilities, dispute prevention, and documentation. In this study, we used a qualitative socio-legal approach by interviewing 10 farmers and landowners in both Banjarmasin (the city) and Hulu Sungai (the rural area). Field interviews were conducted in urban-periurban Banjarmasin and rural Hulu Sungai with farmers, landowners, village officials, and religious leaders. This research shows how digital literacy is transforming traditional verbal agreements into written ones. The study shows that while rural communities still use oral agreements based on strong trust and social cohesion, urban farmers prefer oral agreements. Digital exposure has begun to raise legal awareness, especially among more educated and younger farmers, although religious legitimacy still influences contractual behavior. Agrarian agreements are evolving gradually and in layers due to cultural continuity, moral authority, and emerging digital competencies. Understanding these dynamics is crucial when developing context-sensitive policy plans. These strategies can enhance legal empowerment without disrupting local beliefs and socio-religious principles.

Keywords


legal consciousness; sharecropping agreements; digital literacy; adat law; South Kalimantan

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jph.v13i2.53061

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