PERANCANGAN TELEHEALTH PADA SISTEM PELAYANAN MEDIS HOMECARE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE USER CENTERED DESIGN
Abstract
Pelayanan kesehatan merupakan suatu hal yang penting dan mendasar bagi masyarakat, secara umum sistem pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia mulai membaik seiring dengan berkembangnya teknologi digital. Aplikasi layanan kesehatan menjadi bukti berkembangnya teknologi digital di bidang kesehatan. Keberadaan pelayanan kesehatan berbasis aplikasi dinilai sangat menguntungkan karena dapat memudahkan aksesibilitas dan memperluas jangkauan layanan bagi setiap individu, termasuk individu berkebutuhan khusus. Sistem pelayanan homecare medis Indonesia merupakan fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan yang dilakukan oleh tenaga medis di rumah pasien, namun dengan pengawasan langsung dari dokter. Pelayanan home care ini meliputi pelayanan keperawatan seperti fisioterapi, vaksinasi, atau kebutuhan kesehatan lainnya. Kinerja suatu aplikasi kesehatan dapat dikatakan baik tergantung dari kelengkapan layanan yang diberikan pada aplikasi tersebut. Survei kebutuhan pelayanan yang lengkap pada sistem pelayanan medical homecare dilakukan terhadap beberapa pihak terkait dengan ditemukannya ketidakseimbangan antara kebutuhan pemangku kepentingan dengan ketersediaan pelayanan kesehatan pada sistem pelayanan medical homecare, dimana 50% responden menyatakan bahwa keberadaan layanan konsultasi online pada sebuah aplikasi kesehatan sangat dibutuhkan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dirancang suatu sistem konsultasi yang menerapkan konsep telehealth, untuk memudahkan akses layanan dan komunikasi antara pendamping dan pemangku kepentingan tertentu, dalam memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat dengan perawatan medis di rumah. Pendekatan User Centered Design (UCD) dilakukan untuk menghasilkan sistem konsultasi yang berorientasi pada pengguna. Kebutuhan pengguna diterjemahkan dalam bentuk perancangan sistem informasi yang meliputi Data Flow Diagram (DFD) dan Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD), kemudian dilanjutkan dengan perancangan wireframe untuk memudahkan perancangan prototipe high fidelity. Evaluasi prototipe sistem konsultasi dilakukan dengan mengukur usabilitas menggunakan teknik pengukuran kinerja dan kuesioner System Usability Scale untuk memperoleh atribut efektif, efisien dan kepuasan.
Kata Kunci: Penyakit neuron motorik, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, multidisiplin, telehealth, telemedicine, teknologi
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