THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DIPLOMATIC LEGAL PRINCIPLES: GERMAN EMBASSY STAFF VISITING ISLAMIC DEFENDERS FRONT (FPI) HEADQUARTERS CASE
Abstract
This legal research uses a conceptual approach and statue approach; by using primary and secondary legal materials. The purpose of this legal research is to describe the principles of diplomatic law and their application to the case of actions of German Embassy staff who have visited the headquarters of the Islamic Defenders Front (FPI). The results of this study indicate that diplomatic law is a system containing various principles of international law to regulate diplomatic relations between countries with universal approvement. Then, the development of diplomatic law is very progressive; marked by various conventions and codifications to create holistic norms. Furthermore, the actions of German Embassy staff visiting FPI headquarters cannot be justified by diplomatic law. This is because the potential acts of espionage by German Embassy staff also target the violation of the principle of non-intervention. Hence, on diplomatic law; violation of the principle of non-intervention creates persona non grata consequences.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Book
Adam Zamoyski, 2012, Rites of Peace: The Fall of Napoleon and the Congress of Vienna, HarperCollins UK, New York;
Amal Clooney, Philippa Webb, 2021, The Right to a Fair Trial in International Law, Oxford University Press, New York;
Beatrice de Graaf, 2020, Fighting Terror after Napoleon: How Europe Became Secure after 1815, Cambridge University Press, New York;
Brian E. Vick, 2014, The Congress of Vienna, Harvard University Press, Cambridge;
Corneliu Bjola, Ruben Zaiotti, 2020, Digital Diplomacy and International Organisations: Autonomy, Legitimacy and Contestation, Routledge, New York;
Dewa Gede Sudika Mangku, 2020, Hukum Diplomatik dan Konsuler, Lakeisha, Klaten;
Eileen Denza, 2016, Diplomatic Law: Commentary on the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, Oxford University Press, New York;
Francis A. Boyle, 2021, World Politics, Human Rights, and International Law, Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham;
Harlan Grant Cohen, Timothy Meyer, eds., 2021, International Law as Behavior, Cambridge University Press, New York;
Ignacio de la Rasilla, 2021, International Law and History: Modern Interfaces, Cambridge University Press, New York;
John E. Moser, 2020, Europe on the Brink, 1914: The July Crisis, Reacting Consortium Press, Chapel Hill;
Josephat Ezenwajiaku, 2020, State Territory and International Law, Routledge, New York;
Kriangsak Kittichaisaree, 2020, International Human Rights Law and Diplomacy, Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham;
Marko Novaković, ed., 2020, Diplomatic Immunity: Evolution and Recent Country Developments, Springer Nature, Singapore;
Nicole Scicluna, 2021, Politics International Law, Oxford University Press, New York;
Peter Mahmud Marzuki, 2017, Penelitian Hukum. 13th ed. Kencana, Jakarta;
Stephen B. Goldberg, Frank E.A. Sander, Nancy H. Rogers, Sarah Rudolph Cole, 2020, Dispute Resolution: Negotiation, Mediation, Arbitration, and Other Processes, Kluwer Law International B. V., Alphen aan den Rijn;
Stephan Kieninger, 2020, The Diplomacy of Detente: Cooperative Security Policies from Helmut Schmidt to George Shultz, 2nd ed., Taylor & Francis Limited, Milton Park;
Tracey A. Sowerby, Joanna Craigwood, 2019, Cultures of Diplomacy and Literary Writing in the Early Modern World, Oxford University Press, New York;
William Thomas Worster, 2020, Cases and Materials on the Law of International Organizations, Routledge, New York.
Article Journal
Abba-Rauf Mahmoud Abba, Adiq Muhammad Safiyanu, The Privileges and Immunities of Diplomatic Envoys Under International Law, International Journal of Social Sciences, Volume 4, Nomor 19, 2020;
Albrecht Glitz, Erik Meyersson, Industrial Espionage and Productivity, American Economic Review, Volume 110, Nomor 4, April 2020;
Anna Raphael, Retroactive Diplomatic Immunity, Duke Law Journal, Volume 69, Nomor 1, 2020;
Asaf Lubin, The Liberty to Spy. Harvard International Law Journal, Volume 61, Nomor 1, 2020;
Assemgul T. Urazayeva, The Role of Public Diplomacy in Dialogue with Foreign Public, Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, Volume 11, Nomor 4, June 2020;
Brian G. Slocum, Jarrod Wong, The Vienna Convention and the Ordinary Meaning of International Law, Yale Journal of International Law, Volume 46, Nomor 2, 2021;
C Sophia Müller, The Role of Law in Enforcing Peace Agreements: Lessons Learned from Colombia, Journal of Conflict and Security Law, Volume 1, Nomor 1, January 2021;
Christian Lequesne, Ministries of Foreign Affairs: A Crucial Institution Revisited, The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, Volume 15, Nomor 1–2, March 2020;
Christopher Darnton, Public Diplomacy and International Conflict Resolution: A Cautionary Case from Cold War South America, Foreign Policy Analysis, Volume 16, Nomor 1, January 2020;
Daniel Manulak, 'A Marathon, Not a Sprint’: Canada and South African Apartheid, 1987–1990, International Journal: Canada’s Journal of Global Policy Analysis, Volume 75, Nomor 1, March 2020;
Darryl Li, The Spy Who Came In from the South, Cultural Anthropology, Volume 35, Nomor 2, May 2020;
David Bentley, The Role of the Highest Courts of the United States of America and South Africa, and the European Court of Justice in Foreign Affairs, International Affairs, Vol. 97, Nomor 1, January 2021;
Eileen Denza, Nationality and Diplomatic Protection, Netherlands International Law Review, Vol. 65, No. 3 October, 2018;
Gary Ross, Espionage, the First Amendment, and the Case Against Julian Assange, International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, Volume 33, Nomor 4, October 2020;
Gracia E. Siregar, Pengaturan Hukum Internasional Tentang Perlindungan Pejabat Diplomatik Di Negara Penerima, Lex et Societatis, Volume 8, Nomor 2, 2020;
Harold Nicolson, Diplomacy Then and Now, Foreign Affairs, Volume 40, Nomor 1, 1961;
Harold Nicolson, Nationality and Diplomatic Protection, Netherlands International Law Review, Volume 65, Nomor 3, October 2018;
Jan Koura, A Prominent Spy: Mehdi Ben Barka, Czechoslovak Intelligence, and Eastern Bloc Espionage in the Third World during the Cold War, Intelligence and National Security, Volume 35, Nomor 7, November 2020;
Jaseff Raziel Yauri-Miranda, Principles to Assess Accountability: A Study of Intelligence Agencies in Spain and Brazil, International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, Volume 0, Nomor 0, December 2020;
Javier Solana, The Case for ‘Human Diplomacy, The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, Volume 15, Nomor 4, October 2020;
John A. Gentry, Diplomatic Spying: How Useful Is It?, International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, Volume 0, Nomor 0, April 2020;
Julia Gray, Philip Potter, Diplomacy and the Settlement of International Trade Disputes, Journal of Conflict Resolution, Volume 64, Nomor 7–8, August 2020;
Montell Ogdon, The Growth of Purpose in the Law of Diplomatic Immunity, American Journal of International Law, Volume 31, Nomor 3, July 1937.
Pablo de Orellana, Retrieving How Diplomacy Writes Subjects, Space and Time: A Methodological Contribution, European Journal of International Relations, Volume 26, Nomor 2, June 2020;
Paul Bjerke, Mediated Spies, Nordicom Review, Volume 37, Nomor s1, July 2020;
Peter Gill, Of Intelligence Oversight and The Challenge of Surveillance Corporatism, Intelligence and National Security, Volume 35, Nomor 7, November 2020;
Peter J Phillips, Gabriela Pohl, Disinformation Cascades, Espionage & Counter-Intelligence, The International Journal of Intelligence, Security, and Public Affairs, Volume 22, Nomor 2, October 20, 2020;
Pierre-Bruno Ruffini, Collaboration and Competition: The Twofold Logic of Science Diplomacy, The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, Volume 15, Nomor 3, August 2020;
Quincy Wright, Law in Diplomacy, Percy E. Corbett, Frederick S. Dunn, The Journal of Modern History, Volume 32, Nomor 3, September 1960;
Quincy Wright, Territorial Propinquity, American Journal of International Law, Volume 12, Nomor 3, July 1918;
Quincy Wright, Western Diplomacy Since 1945, The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Volume 336, Nomor 1, July 1961;
Robin M. Blake, Yolanda K. Spies, Non-Coercive Defence Diplomacy For Conflict Prevention, Scientia Militaria, Volume 47, Nomor 1, January 2020;
Salla Turunen, Humanitarian Diplomatic Practices, The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, Volume 15, Nomor 4, October 2020;
Stephen Townley, Intervention’s Idiosyncrasies: The Need for a New Approach to Understanding Sub-Forcible Intervention, Fordham International Law Journal, Volume 42, Nomor 4, 2019;
Sundaresh Menon, The Rule of Law, the International Legal Order, and the Foreign Policy of Small States, Asian Journal of International Law, Volume 10, Nomor 1, January 2020;
Tim Flink, The Sensationalist Discourse of Science Diplomacy: A Critical Reflection, The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, Volume 15, Nomor 3. August 2020;
Yolanda Kemp. Spies, The Law of Diplomacy, In Global Diplomacy and International Society, 101–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019;
Website
CNN Indonesia, “Amnesty: Polisi Tembak 6 Laskar Bisa Jadi Unlawful Killing.†cnnindonesia.com, 2020. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20201207194415-12-579096/amnesty-polisi-tembak-6-laskar-bisa-jadi-unlawful-killing.
Danu Damarjati, “Staf Ke Markas FPI, Penjelasan Kedubes Jerman Ini Dianggap Merendahkan.†news.detik.com, 2020. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5304137/staf-ke-markas-fpi-penjelasan-kedubes-jerman-ini-dianggap-merendahkan.
Firdiansyah. “Extra Judicial Killing Dan Cermin Polri Di Kasus Laskar FPI.†cnnindonesia.com, 2020. https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20201215105638-13-582248/extra-judicial-killing-dan-cermin-polri-di-kasus-laskar-fpi.
Irfan Kamil, “Staf Kedubes Jerman Yang Sambangi Markas FPI Dilarang Masuk Ke Indonesia.†kompas.com, 2020. https://nasional.kompas.com/read/2020/12/29/20233871/staf-kedubes-jerman-yang-sambangi-markas-fpi-dilarang-masuk-ke-indonesia?page=all.
Wibowo, Kukuh S. “Pengamat Curiga Kunjungan Staf Kedubes Jerman Ke Markas FPI Kegiatan Spionase.†tempo.co, 2020. https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1416487/pengamat-curiga-kunjungan-staf-kedubes-jerman-ke-markas-fpi-kegiatan-spionase
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/ijlr.v5i1.13636
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
International Journal of Law Reconstruction Indexed by :
 | International Journal of Law Recnstruction | |
| Faculty of Law, Unissula | Copyright of International Journal of Law Reconstruction | |
| Jalan Kaligawe Raya KM.4, Terboyo Kulon, Genuk, | E-ISSN 2580-9245 (Online) | |
| Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia, 50112 | IJLR is licensed under a |