The Effect of Combination of Core Stability Training and Lower Extremity Strength Training on Static Standing Balance Ability in a Child with Down Syndrome

Adelia Rahmayanti, Farid Rahman, Intan Herlinawati

Abstract


Balance is the ability to stay in one position with good control. Children with a diagnosis of Down syndrome usually have decreased muscle tone (hypotonia) or muscle weakness, so that their balance is disturbed and they are more prone to falling when standing. Core stability and lower extremity strength exercise are expected to improve the ability of static standing balance in children with a diagnosis of Down syndrome. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of giving a combination of core stability and lower extremity strength exercises on the static standing balance ability in children with Down syndrome. This study uses a single subject research on a child with a diagnosis of Down syndrome who is given core stability and lower extremity strength exercise for 4 weeks to improve the ability of static standing balance. The ability of static standing balance in this study was measured using Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM). Measurements were taken before exercise was given (A1), follow-up (B) and final evaluation (A2). After being given exercise twice for four weeks, there was no increase in the GMFM score, so it was concluded that there was no increase in the ability of static standing balance in children with Down syndrome in this study. In conclusions, giving core stability exercise and lower extremity strength exercise twice for four weeks is considered not to be able to improve the ability of static standing balance in children with Down syndrome.

Keywords


Down Syndrome; Balance; Static Standing Balance; Core Stability Exercise; Lower Extremity Strength Exercise

Full Text:

PDF

References


Agarwal Gupta, N., & Kabra, M. (2014). Diagnosis and management of Down syndrome. Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 81(6), 560–567. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-013-1249-7

Aly, S., & Abonour, A. (2016). Effect of core stability exercise on postural stability in children with Down syndrome. In Article in International Journal of Medical Research & Health Sciences. www.ijmrhs.com

Arumugam, A., Raja, K., Venugopalan, M., Chandrasekaran, B., Kovanur Sampath, K., Muthusamy, H., & Shanmugam, N. (2016). Down syndrome—A narrative review with a focus on anatomical features. In Clinical Anatomy (Vol. 29, Issue 5, pp. 568–577). John Wiley and Sons Inc. https://doi.org/10.1002/ca.22672

Eid, M. A. (2015). Effect of Whole-Body Vibration Training on Standing Balance and Muscle Strength in Children with Down Syndrome. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 94(8), 633–643. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0000000000000224

Endo, Y., Kanai, Y., Yozu, A., Kobayashi, Y., Fukaya, T., & Mutsuzaki, H. (2020). Influence of a foot insole for a down syndrome patient with a flat foot: A case study. Medicina (Lithuania), 56(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56050219

Hussein, Z. A. (2017). Strength training versus chest physical therapy on pulmonary functions in children with Down syndrome. Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics, 18(1), 35–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmhg.2016.02.008

Lin, H. C., & Wuang, Y. P. (2012). Strength and agility training in adolescents with Down syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33(6), 2236–2244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2012.06.017

Ludwig, O., Kelm, J., Hammes, A., Schmitt, E., & Fröhlich, M. (2020). Neuromuscular performance of balance and posture control in childhood and adolescence. Heliyon, 6(7). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04541

Marano, M., Pompucci, A., Motolese, F., Rossi, M., Coletta, E., di Lazzaro, V., Fasano, A., & Petrella, G. (2020). Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus in down Syndrome: The Report of Two Cases. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 77(3), 979–984. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-200409

Mercer, V. S., & Lewis, C. L. (2001). Hip Abductor and Knee Extensor Muscle Strength of Children with and without Down Syndrome. http://journals.lww.com/pedpt

Pollock, A. S., Durward, B. R., Rowe, P. J., & Paul, J. P. (2000). What is balance? Clinical Rehabilitation, 14(4), 402–406. https://doi.org/10.1191/0269215500cr342oa

Saeed, R., Mohamed, A., & Elshafey, A. (2019). Effect of Core Stability Exercises and Treadmill Training on Balance in Children with Down Syndrome: Randomized Controlled Trial. Advances in Therapy, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.8325431

Villarroya, M. A., González-Agüero, A., Moros-García, T., de la Flor Marín, M., Moreno, L. A., & Casajús, J. A. (2012). Static standing balance in adolescents with Down syndrome. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33(4), 1294–1300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2012.02.017

Wang, H. Y., Long, I. M., & Liu, M. F. (2012). Relationships between task-oriented postural control and motor ability in children and adolescents with Down syndrome. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 33(6), 1792–1798. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2012.05.002

Wu, J., Beerse, M., Ajisafe, T., & Liang, H. (2015). Walking dynamics in preadolescents with and without down syndrome. Physical Therapy, 95(5), 740–749. https://doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20140210

Zulfiqar, H., Hafiz Muneeb Ur Rehman, Razzaq, A., Zaib Un Nisa, Maryam Hina, Bashir, H., Saeed, H., & Ashraf, N. us S. (2022). Effect Of Core Stability Exercises and Balance Training in Postural Control Among Children with Down Syndrome. Pakistan BioMedical Journal, 18–22. https://doi.org/10.54393/pbmj.v5i7.392




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jamr.3.2.71-78

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 Adelia Rahmayanti, Farid Rahman, Intan Herlinawati

Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Research (JAMR) is published by Research and Community Service Department (LPPM) Universitas Islam Sultan Agung Semarang, Indonesia.

Address: Jl. Kaligawe Raya Km. 4 Semarang, Indonesia.